明代科考复试述略  

A Brief Introduction to the Imperial Reexamination in the Ming Dynasty

作　　者：张德信[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院近代史研究所,北京100006

出　　处：《大连大学学报》2008年第2期12-16,51,共6页Journal of Dalian University

摘　　要：科举考试的复试起于唐宋,明代沿袭其旧,而未形成制度,系偶一为之。明代科考复试类别,约略有三:一是处于政治考量,二是出于党派斗争和纠正弊端,三是出于表明清白而自请。同时,明代科考复试有一定的程式,如考试官选任、试题的选取、以及考试地点、时间、监考、阅卷、裁定等,都是临时决定,与乡会试程式不同。复试之举虽有一定的威慑力,但也很难以从根本上杜绝科考弊端的产生和蔓延。The imperial reexamination can be traced back to the Tang and Song Dynasty, which extended to the Ming Dynasty when it was held occasionally because it was not systematized. In the Ming Dynasty, it can be classified into three types, a） reexamination for political purposes; b） reexamination resulted from parties competition or for correction of malpractice; c） reexamination applied by examinees to prove their innocence. The procedure for the exam was established, in which the choice of examiners, papers, invigilators, time and place for the reexamination, ways of going over papers, and adjudication were made right before the reexamination. Different from the country examination, it was more deterrent, but it was impossible to prevent malpractice by the reexamination.

关 键 词：明代 科考 复试 

分 类 号：K207[历史地理—历史学]