辽宁省滨海湿地景观格局变化研究  

Landscape Pattern Change of Coastal Wetlands in Liaoning Province

作　　者：丁亮[1] 张华[1] 孙才志[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学城市与环境学院,辽宁大连116029

出　　处：《湿地科学》2008年第1期7-12,共6页Wetland Science

基　　金：中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所湿地生态与环境重点实验室基金项目(WELF-2004-B-009)资助

摘　　要：辽宁省沿海岸线分布有丰富的滨海湿地资源,在区域经济发展中发挥着重要作用。基于1990年和2000年的Landsat ETM影像获取了辽宁省滨海湿地斑块图形数据,选用生态意义较明确的景观特征指数,对辽宁省滨海湿地的景观格局变化进行了研究。结果表明,1990年至2000年间,辽宁省滨海湿地总面积呈萎缩状态,由1990年的17620.04 km2减至2000年的17331.72 km2,减少幅度为1.6%;湿地斑块数量亦在减少,由1990年的2 021块减少至2000年的1770块;湿地景观多样性指数和均匀度指数则呈下降趋势,分别由1990年的1.425和0.594下降至2000年的1.409和0.588。Two landsat ETM images obtained respectively on May 1990 and June 2000 were interpreted as basic information sources using the more explicit landscape metrics, change of landscape pattern of coastal wetlands in Liaoning Province was studied by calculation and analysis of the landscape indexes from 1990 to 2000. The coastal wetlands in Liaoning province had an area of 17 620.04 km^2 in 1990. For natural wetlands, the area of wetlands in shallow water area largely was 9 920.80 km^2, which was 56.30% of total area of coastal wetlands ; the area of freshwater marshes took second place, holding 6.34% ; the area of grassland wetlands was the least of all, holding 0.21%. About artificial wetlands, the paddy field area was 3 509.62 km^2, 19.92% of total area of coastal wetlands ; the area of salt fields and aquafarms was 1 121.80 km^2 ; the area of reservoirs and ponds was the least of all, holding 0.92%. The area of coastal wetlands was 17 331.72 km^2 in 2000. For natural wetlands, the area of wetlands in shallow water was 9 840.80 km^2, 56.78% of total area of coastal wetlands, the area of freshwater marshes took second place holding 5.72% ; the area of shrub wetlands which was the least of all holding 0.39%. On artificial wetlands, the area of paddy fields was 3 453.53 km^2 , 19.93% of total area of coastal wetlands; the area of salt fields and aquafarms held 6.08% ; the area of reservoirs and ponds held 0.97%. There was a decrease by 1.6% on area of coastal wetlands from 1990 to 2000. The area of freshwater marshes decreased 125.40 km^2 for natural wetland during 11 years. The reclamation resulted in decrease of area of freshwater marshes. The area of salt fields and aquafarms decreased 68.69 km^2 on artificial wetlands during 11 years. The patch number of Liaoning Province was 2 021 in 1990. On natural wetlands, the patch number of river channels and lakes was 305, 15.09% of total area; of river beaches was 269; of shrub wetlands held 2.18%. For artificial wetlands, patch number of paddy fields was 482,

关 键 词：滨海湿地 景观格局 景观指数 辽宁省 

分 类 号：Q149[生物学—生态学]