妊娠期糖代谢异常对妊娠的不良影响  

Survey on abnormal glucose metabolism in gestational women and the ill influence on outcomes of pregnancy

作　　者：韩轲[1] 陈维清[1] 黄杏端 文孝忠[1] 谭华霖 谢兆丰 

机构地区：[1]中山大学医学统计与流行病学系,广州510080 [2]广州市番禺区妇幼保健院

出　　处：《中国糖尿病杂志》2008年第3期134-136,共3页Chinese Journal of Diabetes

基　　金：广东省科技攻关基金资助项目(2003B30505)

摘　　要：目的了解妊娠期糖代谢异常对孕妇和围生儿的影响。方法对10809名孕妇在孕24～28周做50g葡萄糖负荷试验，阳性者再做75gOGTT，据血糖结果分为糖代谢正常（GNGT）组、妊娠糖尿病（GDM）组和妊娠期糖耐量减低（GIGT）组，比较三组妊娠的结局。结果GDM和GIGT组的患病率分别为0．61％和2．50％。GDM组孕妇产后即时出血、剖宫产、妊娠高血压综合征、羊水过多、巨大儿、早产儿和新生儿低血糖的发生率均显著高于GNGT组；GIGT组剖宫产、羊水过多、巨大儿的发生率显著高于GNGT组，低体重儿发生率低于GNGT组。结论妊娠期糖代谢异常对孕产妇和围生儿有不良影响，因此应重视孕期糖代谢异常的筛查、诊断和治疗。Objective To explore the adverse effect of abnormal metabolism of glucose during gestation on pregnant outcomes of pregnant women and peripartum babies. Methods 10 809 pregnant women at gestational age of 24-28 weeks were screened with 50g glucose challenge test （GCT）, and subjects with a positive reaction would receive further 75g oral glucose tolerance test （OGTT）. Based on the results of OGTT, they were divided into three groups, normal glucose tolerance（GNGT）, gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM）, and gestational impaired glucose tolerance （GIGT）. Results Of 10 809 pregnant women, 66 women and 270 women were diagnosed as GDM （0.61%） and GIGT（2.5%）, respectively. The incidences of postpartum hemorrhage, cesarean section, pregnancy-induced hypertension, polyhydramnios, fetal macrosomia, premature delivery, neonatal hypoglycemia were higher in GDM group than in GNGT group （P〈0. 05）. The incidences of cesarean section, polyhydramnios and fetal acrosomia were higher in GIGT group than in GNGT group （P〈0.05） . The incidence of low birth weight was lower in the GIGT group than in GNGT group （P〈0. 05） . Conclusions Abnormal metabolism of glucose in pregnancy can produce adverse impact on mothers and neonates. Therefore, it is very important to make detection, diagnosis and treatment for abnormality of glucose metabolism during pregnancy.

关 键 词：妊娠并发症 糖负荷异常 不良影响 孕妇 围生儿 

分 类 号：R714.2[医药卫生—妇产科学]