土壤重金属污染现状评价及其合理采样数的研究  

Evaluation to Soil Heavy Metals' Pollution and the Study of Reasonable Sampling Number

作　　者：樊燕[1] 刘洪斌[1] 武伟[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400716 [2]西南大学计算机与信息科学学院,重庆400716

出　　处：《土壤通报》2008年第2期369-374,共6页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：PPI/PPIC项目资助

摘　　要：为了更好的解决环境管理中的实际问题,对未知区域的土壤重金属污染状况进行评估是很有必要的。本研究以重庆江津市吴滩镇为研究区,在该研究区采集耕层土壤样品121个并对重金属Pb、Cd、Cr、Hg、As的含量进行了分析,并通过ArcGIS和地统计得到各种重金属的空间变异情况,其变异性的大小为:Hg>Cd>As>Pb>Cr,均为中等变异。绘制出各重金属的空间分布图,且对各元素的污染程度进行评价,其污染程度Cd>Cr>Hg>As>Pb。土壤变异越大,合理采样数也越大。Hg的变异最大,在95%的置信水平,5%的允许误差下,Hg的采样数为83。且随着对置信水平和相对误差条件的降低,各种元素所要求的采样数都有大幅度的减少。In order to solve the problem of environment management, so it＇s very important to evaluate the soil heavy metal pollution status of unknown areas. In the paper, the study area was Wutan of Jiangjin in Chongqing, and 121 soil samples were sampled and the contents of heavy metals （Pb, Cd, Cr, Hg, As） were analyzed, By ArcGIS and geostatistcs, the spatial variation of each heavy metal have been gotten. The spatial variation order was： Hg〉Cd〉As〉 Pb〉Cr, with mid-class variation. From the distribution map of heavy metals, the polluted degrees were Cd〉Cr〉Hg〉 As〉Pb. The soil variation was greater, the sampling number would be more. Variability of Hg was the biggest, on the confidence level of 95% and allowable error of 5%, the sampling number was 83. With the decrease of the conditions of confidence level and relative error, the desired sampling number of each element nearly all greatly decreased.

关 键 词：地统计 空间变异 采样密度 重金属污染现状 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]