给水处理中含砷污泥的浸出毒性和初步处置研究  

Study on the leaching toxicity and disposal method of arsenic-bearing sludge

作　　者：李晓波[1] 吴水波[1] 胡保安[1] 顾平[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300072

出　　处：《卫生研究》2008年第2期168-171,共4页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金：教育部天南大合作项目"水与废水的创新技术研究"

摘　　要：目的研究混凝微滤工艺处理高砷饮用水所产生的铁盐和铝盐含砷污泥的浸出毒性,以及含砷污泥的处置与利用方法。方法采用中国国家标准方法和USEPA的TCLP方法检验了含砷污泥的浸出毒性,并采用水泥固化的方法对含砷污泥的处置进行了初步研究。将铁盐含砷污泥添加到路用基材中,探讨其废物利用的可能性。结果铁盐和铝盐含砷污泥TCLP方法浸出液中砷的浓度分别为118μg/L和420μg/L,高于国家标准方法的9.5μg/L和11.8μg/L,但两种方法测定的浸出毒性均低于危险废物浸出毒性的国家标准。普通硅酸盐水泥固化体的TCLP浸出液中砷浓度仅为污泥的10%左右,固化体的无侧限抗压强度分别为3.25MPa和0.76MPa,可以满足堆放要求。掺入少量铁盐含砷污泥的路用基材强度提高12%左右。结论给水处理中含砷污泥不属于具有浸出毒性的危险废物,水泥固化是处置含砷污泥的有效方法,将少量铁盐含砷污泥添加到路用基材中使含砷污泥得到了有效利用,又避免了可能出现的环境污染问题。Objective To study the leaching toxicity of the ferric salt and aluminum salt contenting arsenic-beating sludge comed from the high arsenic drinking water treated by coagulation/microfihration process and its disposal method. Methods The Chinese standard method and TCLP method issued by USEPA were used to test the leaching toxicity of arsenic-bearing sludge and its Portland cement solidification tests were conducted. Minor ferric salt contentingarsenic- beating sludge was added into road-application concretes for its utilization. Results The arsenic concentrations in TCLP leaching solutions of ferric salt and aluminum sludge were 118μg/L and 420μg/L, respectively, which were higher than 9.5μtg/L and 11.8μtg/L of the Chinese standard method. However, all of them weref less than identification standard for hazardous wastes of China. When arsenic-bearing sludge was solidified with cement, its leaching toxicity reduced about 90%. The unconfined compression strengths of solidification products were 3.25MPa and 0.76MPa which could meet the requirement for the landfill and sludge reclamation. The compression strengths of road-application concretes were upgraded about 12% when minor parts of ferric salt arsenic-bearing sludge was added. Conclusion Ferric salt and aluminum salt arsenic-bearing sludge do not belong to the hazardous waste with leaching toxicity. Cement solidification is an efficient method for the disposal of arsenic-bearing sludge. The mix of arsenic-bearing sludge with road-application concretes could provide a method for the efficient utilization of arsenic-bearing sludge. At the same time, the possible environmental problems should be avoided.

关 键 词：含砷污泥 浸出毒性 水泥固化 抗压强度 给水卫生 

分 类 号：R123[医药卫生—环境卫生学] R287.6[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]