森林采伐对森林景观的长期影响模拟  

Simulation of long-term effects of forest cutting on forest landscape

作　　者：金龙如[1,3] 贺红士[1,2] 公霞[1,3] 周宇飞[1,3] 布仁仓[1] 孙克萍[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016 [2]美国密苏里大学自然资源学院,密苏里州65211 [3]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039 [4]东北师范大学,长春130024

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2008年第4期539-544,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(40331008);中国科学院知识创新工程资助项目(KSCX2-SW-133)

摘　　要：应用空间直观景观模型(LANDIS),模拟了小兴安岭友好林业局在有无采伐方案下400年内森林景观的动态变化,并利用统计软件APACK计算代表性树种的分布面积、年龄级和反映物种分布格局的聚集度指数。结果表明:与无采伐相反,采伐下的火干扰模式为高频率小面积低强度火烧;采伐对各种群的分布面积影响不大,但显著改变了种群的年龄结构,主要表现为降低了过熟林的分布面积,而增加了其他年龄级森林的分布面积;采伐降低了各树种的聚集度,导致森林景观一定程度上的破碎化。By using spatially explicit landscape model （LANDIS） , the 400 years＇ forest landscape changes in Youhao Forestry Bureau in Xiao Xing＇ an Mountains under forest cutting and non-cutting scenarios were simulated, and the distribution area, age class, and aggregation index of six dominant species were calculated with APACK. The results showed that opposite to noncutting, the fire regime under forest cutting was characterized by high frequency, low fire severity, and small fire damaged area. Cutting had less effect on the distribution of the species, but changed their age structure significantly, being mostly manifested in the decrease of over-matured cohorts and the increase of young, middle-aged, quasi-matured, and matured cohorts. Cutting also reduced the aggregation degree of species distribution, resulting in the fragmentation of forest landscape to some extent.

关 键 词：LANDIS 采伐 管理预案 森林景观 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]