不同生境柳杉根际线虫群落的生态特征  

Ecological characteristics of nematode communities in rhizosphere soil at different habitats of Cryptomeria fortunei

作　　者：王邵军[1] 蔡秋锦[2] 阮宏华[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学江苏省林业生态工程重点实验室,南京210037 [2]福建农林大学,福州350002

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2008年第4期583-590,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30670313)

摘　　要：为了考察生境变化对根际线虫群落的影响，对闽北柳杉3种生境的根际线虫群落生态特征进行了为期1年的定位研究，共捕获柳杉根际线虫56327条，分别隶属于线形动物门2纲4目12科35属。结果表明：生境之间线虫数量差异显著（P〈0．01），从大到小依次为柳杉混交林、柳杉纯林、柳杉苗圃；不同生境根际线虫数量的季节波动均明显，个体密度体现为春季〉冬季〉秋季〉夏季。夏季极显著少于其它季节（P〈0．01）；不同生境中，各功能群线虫密度的垂直分布差异显著（P〈0．05），大小顺序为0～5cm〉5～10cm〉10～20cm，但植物寄生线虫优势种密度的垂直分布有例外；不同生境土壤根系生物量和土壤理化特征存在明显的空间变化，并且线虫数量分布与根系生物量、土壤含水率、土壤孔隙度、土壤有机质、全氮、有效氯以及速效磷具有显著正相关关系。因此，根际线虫群落结构及动态是一个重要的生态过程，为中国东南部森林土壤生态系统健康以及柳杉病害生态管理提供科学依据。To examine the effects of different habitats on the nematode communities in rhizosphere soil, an investigation was made on the ecological characteristics of nematode communities in rhizosphere soils of coniferous-broadleaved mixed forest, coniferous forest, and Cryptomeria fortunei nursery in Northern Fujian from September 2003 to August 2004. A total of 56 327 nematode individuals belonging to 2 classes, 4 orders, 12 families and 35 genera were collected. The numbers of nematodes varied significantly （P 〈 0. 01 ） with habitats, being in the sequence of coniferous-broadleaved mixed forest 〉 coniferous forest 〉 C. fortunei nursery, and decreased in the order of spring 〉 winter 〉 autumn 〉 summer. There was a significant difference in the vertical distribution of nematode functional groups in the soil profile, i. e. , 0-5 cm 〉5-10 cm 〉 10-20 cm, but two dominant groups of herbivores had a distribution of 0-5 cm 〉 10-20 cm 〉5-10 cm. An obvious spatial heterogeneity in the root biomass and soil physical and chemical characters （e. g. , moisture content, porosity, and contents of organic matter, total and available N, and available P） was observed in the three habitats, and the numbers of nematodes had a significant positive correlation with it. It was suggested that the community structure and its dynamic changes of soil nematodes could be used as an important biological indicator for soil ecosystem health and for the diseases management of C. fortunei.

关 键 词：柳杉 根际土壤 线虫群落 生物多样性 生态响应 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]