环境湿度和降雨对昆虫的影响  

Effects of environmental moisture and precipitation on insects:A review

作　　者：常晓娜[1] 高慧璟[1] 陈法军[1] 翟保平[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学昆虫学系昆虫信息生态学研究室,南京210095

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2008年第4期619-625,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2006CB102007);国家自然科学基金项目(30700527);国际科学基金项目(C/4164-1);教育部博士点项目(20070307002);农业虫鼠害综合治理国家重点实验室开放基金项目(Chinese-IPM-0601);南京农业大学青年科技创新基金资助项目(KJ07003)

摘　　要：气候因素与害虫的个体发育和种群动态密切相关。其中,环境湿度(包括空气相对湿度和土壤含水量)变化直接导致昆虫体内含水量变化,从而打破虫体内的水分平衡,进而对其个体发育及群体发生等产生影响。降雨在影响环境湿度的同时,其物理冲刷作用也影响着昆虫田间种群发生动态。因此,研究环境湿度和降雨对昆虫的影响很有意义。本文综述了环境湿度和降雨及其它环境因子(如温度等)的联合作用对昆虫的影响,介绍了其在影响昆虫生长发育、生存、行为、生殖和种群生态学方面的研究进展,并简要介绍了环境湿度调节(如灌溉等)在调控害虫(如棉铃虫)田间种群发生方面的应用。Climatic factors are closely related to the individual＇ s development and growth, and the population dynamics of insect pests. Environmental moisture （ including atmospheric relative humidity and soil moisture content） can directly cause the changes of insects＇ water content and destroy their water balance in vivo, and consequently, affects their individual＇ s development and population occurrence. As resulting in the changes of environmental moisture, precipitation can also affects field population dynamics of insects by physically washing out. Therefore, the studies on the impacts of environmental moisture and precipitation on insects have a wider significance for the integrated pest management （IPM）. This paper reviewed the impacts of environmental moisture and precipitation, as well as other environmental factors （e. g. , temperature）, on the growth and development, survival, behavior, reproduction, and population ecology of insects, and introduced the applied studies on the regulation of environmental moisture （e. g. , via irriga- tion） to control the occurrences of insect pests （e. g. , Helicoverpa armigera） in fields.

关 键 词：环境湿度 降雨 昆虫 作用机理 害虫综合防治 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]