不同类型海岸的溢油清理方法  

Oil spill cleanup methods for different types of coasts

作　　者：郑建中[1] 王静[1] 王晓燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学环境学院,污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,南京210093

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2008年第4期557-563,共7页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(20377021,40473053)

摘　　要：世界石油资源分布和需求的不均衡性,促进了海上石油工业和石油运输业的快速发展,同时也增加了溢油事故的几率。海上溢油污染问题日趋严重,溢油污染对海洋环境、生态、资源、经济及人类生产生活等造成了巨大的影响,日益引起社会各界的关注。海岸溢油污染清理实践表明,正确的溢油清理方案的制定应综合考虑海岸的敏感性指数、溢油的类型、清理方法可能带来的危害以及实际可操作程度等。对包括盐沼地海岸和红树林海岸,沉积海岸,以及岩石海岸三类典型海岸的国内外现有海岸溢油污染清理技术进行了详细的综述,以期为我国的海岸带管理和溢油应急计划的制订提供技术参考。Frequent oil spills are closely related to the imbalance between crude oil distribution and demand, and consequently the rapid development of offshore oil exploitation and transportation industries. Oil spills have great impact on the marine environment, ecology, resources, economy and human activities. Remediation practices indicate that several factors should be considered in selecting cleanup methods, including coastal environmental sensitivity index, spilled oil properties, potential damages due to specific cleanup methods and their maneuverability etc. The paper is a review on remediation technologies for three typical coasts contaminated by oil spills. Adopting adequate strategy in post oil spill remediation is crucial in coastal management and oil spill emergency plan design.

关 键 词：溢油污染 盐沼地 红树林 生物海岸 沉积海岸 岩石海岸 清理方法 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]