吉林省黑土非交换性钾的释放动力学研究  

Study on the Release Kinetics of Non-Exchangeable Potassium in Black Soils in Jilin Province

作　　者：周米平[1] 刘金华[1] 杨靖民[1] 于晓斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,长春130118

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2008年第1期59-63,共5页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：国土资源部项目(12120105-11208)

摘　　要：从吉林省选取10个有代表性的黑土耕层土壤，采用传统的平衡振荡法，设置25℃恒温培养和冻融交替2个处理，对黑土的非交换性钾释放动力学进行了研究。结果表明：在以上2种处理下，供试土壤的非交换性钾释放量均随着时间的延长而增加。最初非交换性钾的释放量呈直线上升，说明释放速率较快；培养到约20d时，释放量增加的较缓慢，释放速率逐渐降低。冻融交替处理可以加速土壤中非交换性钾的释放，无论是在释放量上，还是在释放速率上，都明显高于25℃恒温培养的处理，并且其释放时间持续长。其中10号土样的非交换性钾释放量增加的最多，增加了49．04％；3，2，8号土样较低，为5％～6％；其余土样为20％～30％。用来描述非交换性钾释放的动力学方程，在2种处理下并没有改变，都是抛物线方程。这说明冻融交替对土壤非交换性钾释放的影响只是表现在释放量上的增加，其释放规律没有改变。This research selected 10 representative cultivated horizon of black soils from Jilin province. On the condition of constant temperature of 25 ℃ and alterative freezing and thawing cultivation, the traditional equilibrium method was adopted to study the release kinetics of non-exchangeable k. The result showed that the release quantity of non-exchangeable k was increasing while the cultivated time was prolonging. At first, it showed the relation of straight line because the release velocity was fast. But after about 20 days, the release quantity increased slowly and the release velocity decreased. Alterative freezing and thawing cultivation accelerated the release of non-exchangeable potassium. The release quantity and velocity were obviously higher than the result under 25 ℃. Moreover, the release time kept longer. The release quantity of No. 10 was the biggest and increased by 49.04% ; The release quantity of No.3, 2, 8 was the lowest and increased by 5%-6% ; The others increased by 20%-30%. Parabolic equation was the ideal kinetics model on the conditions of 25 ℃ and alterative freezing and thawing cultivation. This showed that alterative freezing and thawing induced the increment of the release quantity. But its release regular did not change.

关 键 词：黑土 非交换性钾 释放动力学 25℃恒温培养 冻融交替 

分 类 号：S143.3[农业科学—肥料学]