鸭绿沙塘鳢消化系统发育的组织学观察  

Histological Observation of Ontogenetic Development of the Digestive System in Sleeper Odontobutis yaluensis

作　　者：王吉桥[1] 徐丽[1] 李文宽 许重[1] 程骏驰[1] 王声权 

机构地区：[1]大连水产学院生命科学与技术学院,大连116023 [2]辽宁省淡水水产研究院,辽阳111000 [3]辽宁省鞍山市岫岩县水利局,岫岩114300

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2008年第1期98-105,共8页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2002215)

摘　　要：水温18．0～21．0℃下，自孵化第5d至幼鱼阶段，每天取鱼5～8尾，进行连续切片、HE染色，观察了鸭绿沙塘鳢消化道发育的组织学变化。观察发现，鸭绿沙塘鳢的消化道发育过程分为卵膜内和卵膜外2个阶段（A阶段和B阶段）。A-1期消化管呈直管状，消化管上皮为单层立方上皮，消化管内无褶皱，消化腺分化不明显；A-2期（孵化第6d）消化管延长，稍弯曲，消化道上皮细胞拉长为柱状上皮，出现微褶皱，细胞多层排列，消化腺分化为肝脏、胆囊，胆管通入消化道中，胰脏不明显；A-3期（孵化第8d）消化道盘盐，管径增粗，褶皱进一步加深，内纵外环的肌肉更发达，卵黄逐渐向上收入腹部中，鳔出现；A-4期（孵化第9d）消化道完全盘盐，出现皱壁，卵黄逐渐被吸收，肝脏、胰脏、胆囊基本成型。B-1期（孵化第15d，破膜）无胃腺，食道起始处的黏膜下出现齿，之后，出现单个圆形的胃腺；B-2期（孵出第2d）卵黄完全吸收，幼鱼开始摄食水丝蚓等活饵，胃部有一缢痕；B-3期（孵出第3～5d）消化系统与成鱼相同，行外源营养。Histological observation of ontogenetic development of the digestive system was conducted in sleeper Odontobutis yaluensis sampled daily from 5-day embryo to juveniles （3 days after hatch, 3 DAH） at 18.0-21.0℃. Ontogenetic development of the digestive system in sleeper can be divided into two stages： Stage A including Phases A - 1, A - 2, A - 3 and A - 4 in embryonic stage, and Stage B comprising Phases B - 1, B - 2, and B - 3 at hatch. A straight digestive tract lining with simple cubic epithelium was observed in Phase A - 1 （5-day embryo）. At this phase, there were no folds in the intestine and no digestive glands. At Phase A - 2（6-day embryo） the digestive tract enlarged in length and diameter, lining with columnar epithelia and tiny folds. The liver, bile sac and bile tube entering the digestive tract were found, but no pancreas in this phase. By Phase A - 3 （8-day embryo）, the intestine with strong longitudinal and circular striated muscles had become much wider and deeper folds. The yolk was absorbed and moved into abdomen and the air bladder appeared. At Phase A - 4（9-day embryo）, the intestine was coiled and folding was evident. The liver, pancreas and bile sac were primarily formed. By Phase B - 1（1 DAH）, the pharyngeal teeth were present in mucosa at pharynx and the gastric gland as a simple ceils was not evident. At Phase B - 2 （2 DAH）, the juveniles had an exhausted yolk and initiated to feed on live food such as Chironomus. A constriction was observed in the stomach. By B - 3 （3-5 DAH）, the juveniles had the same digestive system as adult and exogenous nutrition.

关 键 词：鸭绿沙塘鳢 消化道 消化腺 发育 组织学 

分 类 号：S965[农业科学—水产养殖]