测量中国经济的劳动投入：1982-2000年  

Measuring the Labor Input of Chinese Economy:1982—2000

作　　者：岳希明[1] 任若恩[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学财政金融学院,100872 [2]北京航空航天大学,100083

出　　处：《经济研究》2008年第3期16-28,共13页Economic Research Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(项目编号：70173029);重点项目(项目编号：70531010);创新研究群体科学基金(项目编号：70521001)

摘　　要：本文通过编制可以反映劳动质量变化的劳动投入指数,给出了包括劳动质量改善在内的劳动投入增长,同时明确了单纯从业人数增长和劳动质量改善在劳动投入增长中的相对重要性。本文通过分解的方法进一步探讨了劳动质量改善的源泉。主要结论有,1982—2000年期间,从业人数年均增长率为1.8%,而考虑劳动质量改善之后的劳动投入年均增长率高达3.23%。二者之差为劳动质量改善对劳动投入的贡献,其贡献度超过44%。分区间看,劳动质量改善对劳动投入增长的贡献呈上升趋势,由1982—1987年间的21%上升到1995—2000年的68%。劳动质量改善的源泉主要来自于整体从业人员中第一产业比重的下降,以及从业人员教育水平的提高。We compile labor input indices which captures both change in the number of employment and improvement in quality of labor for Chinese economy from 1982 to 2000, and find that the labor input indices grows by 3.23% per annum for the period, while the annual growth rate of employment is only 1.8 %. The gap between the two indices growth rates can be regarded as an indicator of contribution of improvement in quality of labor to labor input, which accounts for 44% of growth of labor input. The contribution of improved labor quality has increased over time, from 21% for years of 1982 through 1987 to 68 % for years of 1995 through 2000. Decomposition of change in labor quality shows that shift of employment from agricultural sector into non-agricultural sector and improvement .in educational attainment of employment are two major sources of the improvement in the quality of labor.

关 键 词：劳动投入指数 劳动质量改善 劳动统计 

分 类 号：F124[经济管理—世界经济]