弹性模量及有限元分析在股骨颈骨折中的应用研究  

The study of finite element analysis and elastic modulus for the treatment of femoral neck fractures

作　　者：刘安庆[1] 肖德明[1] 尚宏喜[1] 鄢宏[1] 岑景文[1] 高明宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市第二人民医院骨科,518035

出　　处：《中华关节外科杂志（电子版）》2007年第2期100-103,共4页Chinese Journal of Joint Surgery(Electronic Edition)

基　　金：深圳市科技局重点科研资助项目（200601013）

摘　　要：目的探讨股骨颈骨折时一种骨折断端间剪力最小、加压力最大的理论最佳固定方法。方法首先建立人体股骨三维有限元模型并进行验证和分析;在股骨三维有限元模型的基础上加入弹性模量再建立股骨颈骨折模型及多种方法固定的有限元分析;最后对股骨颈骨折的多种固定方法进行生物力学实验研究。结果股骨的三维有限模型计算机理论应变和测定应变比较结果认为,二者趋势基本一致,模型的建立和实际情况十分接近,股骨颈处的压力骨小梁和股骨距是重要的承载结构;载荷的传导主要通过压力骨小梁和股骨距由股骨颈区传至股骨干的中下1/3处;股骨颈骨折时固定角度趋势为越低越好,2钉固定时竖放较斜放和横放好;3钉固定时为倒三角形最好;生物力学实验与有限元分析基本相符。结论三维有限元方法用于研究不规则物体是一种有效、准确的数值方法;股骨颈骨折采用的固定方法从生物力学角度讲应该采用低角度的倒三角形的三钉固定法。Objectives To find a method that best fits the biomechanical principal of femoral neck fractures through finite element analysis and elastic modulus. Methods The three-dimensional finite element model of the human femur was constructed and analyzed at first, then finite model of the femoral neck fractures and the different fixation methods were constructed. At last, biomechanical experiments for the different fixation methods for the treatment of femoral neck fractures were done. Results The study of three-dimensional finite element analysis is accurate and consistent to the biomechanical experiment. The compressive trabeculae and femoral cal car in the femoral neck region are the main load-bearing construction. The fixation angle lowly, set upright with two pins and set negative triangle with three pins is good to the treatment of femoral neck fractures. Conclusions Three-dimensional finite element analysis is effective and accurate for the study of irregular objects.

关 键 词：有限元分析 生物力学实验 股骨颈骨折 

分 类 号：R687.3[医药卫生—骨科学]