生物质资源收集过程成本、能耗及环境影响分析  

Economic,Energy and Environment Analysis on Biomass Collection Process

作　　者：邢爱华[1] 刘罡[1] 王垚[1] 魏飞[1] 金涌[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学化学工程系绿色反应工程与工艺北京市重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《过程工程学报》2008年第2期305-313,共9页The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)基金资助项目(编号:2004CB719706);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(编号:20060400068)

摘　　要：基于秸秆类生物质资源的岛式分布特点,建立了描述秸秆收集过程成本、能耗和污染物排放的数学模型.针对单资源岛秸秆收集过程,讨论了压缩对秸秆收集成本、能耗及环境的影响,建立了计算秸秆收集过程的临界收集量和临界运输距离的数学表达式,并对收集成本和能耗进行了参数敏感性分析.结果表明,无论压缩与否,秸秆单位收集成本与α'0.5(α'为可利用资源密度)成反比,与运输距离成正比.不压缩时收集成本与Q0.5(Q为收集量)成正比,压缩后再运输收集成本随收集量的增加呈先降低后增加的规律.参数敏感性分析表明,运输费率、收购价格、运输距离是对收集成本影响比较敏感的参数,各参数变化±50%均会引起收集成本变化±17%以上.运输油耗、运输距离对收集过程能耗的影响较大,参数变化±20%会导致能耗的变化在±17%以上。The mathematical models simulating the collection cost, energy consumption and environmental pollution of biomass collection process have been established based on the island distribution of straw. The effect of straw compression on collection cost, energy consumption and environmental discharge is discussed for single resource island collection process. The equations for calculating critical collection amount and critical transportation distance are established. The parameter sensitivity analysis for collection cost and energy consumption is investigated respectively. The result shows that collection cost of unit mass straw is proportional to transportation distance and the inverted square root of resource density whether the straw is compressed or not. The collection cost without compression is proportional to the square root of the collection amount, while it decreases first and then increases as the collection amount increases for straw transportation following the compression. The sensitivity analysis shows that transportation fee rate, purchase price and transportation distance are the sensitive parameters for collection cost, which will lead to over ±17% fluctuation of collection cost when these parameters change in ±50%. The ±20% fluctuation of transportation oil consumption per tonne and kilometer and transportation distance will lead to ±17% change for energy consumption.

关 键 词：生物质 秸秆 收集 成本 环境 评价 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]