不同灌溉量对塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地梭梭水分生理特性的影响  

Effects of different irrigations on the water physiological characteristics of Haloxylon ammodendron in Taklimakan Desert hinterland.

作　　者：解婷婷[1] 张希明[1] 梁少民[1] 单立山[2] 杨小林[1] 花永辉 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 [2]甘肃农业大学林学院,兰州730070 [3]新疆水利水电科学院,乌鲁木齐830049

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2008年第4期711-716,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX3-SW-342-02);国家科技部西部开发科技行动重大资助项目(2004BA901A21-1)

摘　　要：利用热平衡式茎流计和压力室,对不同灌溉量下塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地防护林植物梭梭的水分生理特性进行了测定.结果表明:梭梭茎干液流的日变化曲线随着灌溉量的不同而有所差异,灌溉量为每次每株35和24.5 kg条件下,茎干液流日变化曲线呈单峰型,且变幅较大,灌溉量为每次每株14 kg条件下,其日变化曲线为双峰型,变化较平缓;随着灌溉量的减少,梭梭日平均液流速率逐渐降低,其日单株耗水量也随之降低;随着灌溉量的减少,梭梭的清晨水势和午后水势逐渐降低,且茎干液流速率与总辐射、空气温度、相对湿度和风速的相关性均增强,但不同灌溉量下,其与总辐射的相关性都最强.By using heat-balance stem flow gauge and press chamber, the water physiological characteristics of Haloxylon ammodendron under different irrigations in Taklimakan Desert hinterland were measured and analyzed. The results indicated that the diurnal variation curve of H. ammodendron stem sap flow varied with irrigations. When irrigated 35 and 24. 5 kg·plant^-1 once time, the diurnal variation of stem sap flow changed in single peak curve and the variation extent was higher; while irrigated 14 kg·plant^-1 once time, the diurnal variation changed in two-peak curve and the variation extent was small. With the decrease of irrigations, the average daily sap flow rate and the daily water consumption of H. ammodendron decreased gradually, the dawn and postmeridian water potential also had a gradual decrease, and the correlations of stem sap flow with total radiation, air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed enhanced. Under different irrigations, the correlation between stem sap flow rate and total radiation was always the best.

关 键 词：塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地 梭梭 液流速率 水势 耗水量 

分 类 号：S793.9[农业科学—林木遗传育种]