某生物质发电建设项目职业病危害预评价  

Pre-evaluation of Occupational Hazard in One Construction Project of Biomaterial Power Plant

作　　者：李临[1] 石少杰 殷福平 刘波[1] 闫秀峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省疾病预防控制中心,四川成都610041 [2]山东省菏泽市卫生监督局 [3]山东省单县卫生监督局

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2008年第4期282-286,共5页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的确定该建设项目产生的职业病危害因素,分析其危害程度及对劳动者健康的影响,评价职业病危害防护措施及其效果,提出职业病危害的关键控制点。方法采用检查表法、类比法和经验法进行综合分析评价。结果根据对该拟建项目类比调查对象作业场所和工作岗位存在的职业性有害因素现场测定和体检结果分析,有毒物作业岗位4个,检测毒物作业点78个,检验毒物氨、氯化氢、氢氧化钠、氯气、一氧化碳、二氧化碳、二氧化氮、二氧化硫8种,检验样品468个,其测定结果均未超过国家规定的职业接触限值。结合该发电厂实地考察情况预测该项目建成投产后,其职业病危害的关键控制点是燃料储存、装卸和灰渣运输工、汽机巡检工、电气巡检工、污水池清理工岗位。结论该建设项目将各项职业病防护设施落实到位,才能使该项目投入生产后将可能存在和产生的职业病危害因素的浓度(或强度)控制在国家规定的职业接触限值范围内。该拟建工程项目从职业卫生角度分析是基本可行的。Objective To identify occupational hazard factors caused by the construction project of biomaterial power plant, to analyze hazard degree and its influence to workers, to evaluate the effect of occupational hazard prevention measures and to suggest the key point for occupational hazard control. Method The comprehensive evaluation was conducted by checking the table, analogism and empiricism methods. Results The results of an analogical investigation to a similar project of 78 working sites in 4 posts, detection of occupational hazard of ammonia, hydrogen chloride, sodium hydroxide, chlorine, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide in 468 samples and analysis of physical examination, combining with the field survey to a biomaterial power plant, indicated that the key points to control occupational hazard were the posts of storage and handling of biomaterial, ash transportation, power generator maintenance, electricity maintenance and sewage water clearance. Conclusion The degree of potential occupational hazard caused by operation of the biomaterial power plant can only be minimized to meet the national occupational contact limits after all kinds of occupational hazard prevention measures are taken. From the point of view of occupational health, this construction project is feasible.

关 键 词：生物质 发电 建设项目 职业病危害 预评价 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]