居民营养知识、态度、行为及影响因素分析  

Analysis on nutrition KAP and its influential factors among urban residents

作　　者：刘宁[1] 高尔生[1] 武俊青[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市计划生育科学研究所,上海200032

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2008年第4期482-485,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的了解居民营养相关知识、态度、行为现状并探讨其影响因素。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法。在上海市徐汇区抽取1060户核心家庭。并就饮食营养相关知识、态度、行为对所抽取家庭的妻子、丈夫进行问卷调查。结果调查对象基本营养知识答对率较低，平均知识得分为51．37分。妻子知识得分高于丈夫，教育程度越高的对象知识得分越高。调查对象日常饮食中新鲜蔬菜类、奶类、豆类及其制品摄入量不足者分别占74．06％，55．42％和44．91％。76．79％的对象选择食物时更注重营养价值，注重用营养原则指导膳食者占62．40％；66．73％和31．19％的对象愿意或可能愿意为硅康改变饮食习惯。女性，年龄较大者、干部／技术人员，个人月收入在1000～2000元者以及营养知识得分较高者更注重用营养原则指导膳食。结论上海市社区居民基本营养知识不足，部分居民营养观念不科学，居民膳食结构有待进一步改善。Objective To analyze the nutrition/dietary related knowledge, attitude and practice （KAP） profile, and uncover influential factors among urban residents in Shanghai. Methods Nuclear families, 1060 in total, were sampled through cluster random sampling from Xuhui district, Shanghai. Wives and husbands in selected families were investigated by structural questionnaires on nutrition/dietary related KAP. Results Residents＇ average score of nutrition knowledge was 51.37 with insufficient awareness of some important nutrition knowledge points. The wife had a higher score than the husband. The higher education level one had, the higher score he/she got. There were 74.06% of the subjects bad an inadequate daily intake of vegetable, and 55.42% and 44.91% for inadequate milk and beans, respectively. More than 3/4（76.69% ） of subjects chose food considering nutrition value rather than its appearance, and 62.40 % of them determined daily diet according to nutrition knowledge. Had the advantages been known, 66.73 % of subjects would be willing to and 31.19% of them might be willing to change their diet habits. Among all respondents, the wife, the elder, those worked as teachers, clerk or medical staff, those with a monthly income of 1,000 to 2,000 RMB, and those with a higher nutrition knowledge score tended to use nutrition theory to guide their daily diet. Conclusion Shanghai residents＇ knowledge on nutrition is inadequate, some of their attitude is not beneficial to health and their unhealthy daily dietary needs rectification.

关 键 词：饮食营养 饮食结构 知识 态度 行为 社区研究 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]