两亲性钠离聚体的合成、表征及其性质  

Synthesis,Characterization and Properties of Amphoteric Sodium Ionomers

作　　者：刘新华[1] 谢洪泉[2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽工程科技学院纺织服装系,安徽芜湖241000 [2]华中科技大学化学系,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《石油化工》2008年第4期388-392,共5页Petrochemical Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(29274163)

摘　　要：以偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂,聚氧乙烯(PEO)大单体在苯中与丙烯酸丁酯和丙烯酸共聚,合成了含聚氧乙烯支链的丙烯酸丁酯-丙烯酸接枝共聚物。以此共聚物为前体,经NaOH的甲醇溶液中和,合成了同时含有非离子、阴离子的两亲性钠离聚体。红外光谱、膜渗透压计、凝胶渗透色谱、透射电子显微镜等表征结果显示,前体和两亲性钠离聚体为规整接枝共聚物,平均接枝数为6.5～16.1;前体中聚氧乙烯支链与主链中的丙烯酸链节生成氢键,而两亲性钠离聚体中此氢键消失。两亲性钠离聚体有良好的乳化性、吸水性和相转移催化性质。当聚氧乙烯的质量分数由30.2%增至45.0%时,两亲性钠离聚体的吸水率由105%增至175%;随两亲性钠离聚体加入量的增加,Williamson固液反应中的固体苯酚钾转化率提高。固体苯酚钾转化率最大可达83.3%。Copolymer of butyl acrylate （ BA）, acrylic acid （AA） and polyoxyethylene （PEO） was synthesized by the copolymerization of BA and AA with methacrylate-terminated PEO macromer in benzene, azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator. The copolymer as precursor was neutralized with NaOH methanol solution to form sodium ionomer. The copolymer and sodium ionomer were characterized by means of IR, vapor permeation osmometry, membrane osmometry, gel permeation chromatography and transmission electron microscope. The average grafting number ranges from 6, 5 to 16, 1. IR spectrum of copolymer precursor shows the existence of hydrogen bonds between PEO branched chains and acrylic acid units in main chain, while in sodium ionomer hydrogen bonds diminish accompanying the appearance of carboxylate groups. Sodium ionomer possesses good emulsifying property, high water absorption and phase-transfer catalytic activity, Sodium ionomer is able to emulsify the benzene-water system and acts as a phase-transfer catalyst in the Williamson reaction with 83. 3% conversion of potassium phenolate.

关 键 词：两亲性钠离聚体 聚氧乙烯 丙烯酸丁酯 丙烯酸 接枝共聚物 乳化剂 

分 类 号：TQ316.343[化学工程—高聚物工业]