纳滤海水软化性能及膜污染研究  

STUDY ON PERFORMANCE OF NANOFILTRATION MEMBRANE FOR SEAWATER SOFTENING AND MEMBRANE FOULING

作　　者：李晓明[1] 王铎[1] 高学理[1] 高从堦[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学化学化工学院,海洋化学理论与工程技术教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《水处理技术》2008年第4期8-11,共4页Technology of Water Treatment

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863)计划项目(2006AA09Z337)

摘　　要：高硬度、浊度和总固溶物(TDS)含量的海水水质是制约海水淡化的瓶颈,孔径介于反渗透和超滤之间、具有荷电性质的纳滤膜在海水软化方面具有明显优势。利用小型平板膜测试设备,以人工海水为研究对象,进行了纳滤海水软化试验研究,考察了操作压力、运行时间对膜通量的影响和膜对海水中主要离子的截留效果,进而对膜污染进行了分析与探讨。结果表明,两种荷负电纳滤膜具备良好的渗透性和分离性能。随着运行时间的延长,膜通量和离子截留率呈现一定下降趋势;结合扫描电镜和能谱的测试结果分析发现,高离子强度的海水体系中,腐植酸的优先吸附和硫酸钙晶体的形成是造成膜分离性能下降的原因,而钙与腐植酸之间的络合效应对其影响甚微。High hardness, turbidity and TDS of seawater is the bottleneck Of desalination. The NF membrane has distinct advantage in resolving these problems. Experiments were carried out for softening simulated seawater using small-scale plate membrane equipment. The effects of parameters such aspressure and perating time on permeation flux and rejection of major ions in the seawater were investigated. Using surface analysis teclmiques, the membrane fouling mechanism was studied and discussed preliminarily. The results showed that negative-charged NF membranes performed excellently in permeability and rejection. During the operation period, both permeate fluxes and ions rejections of two membranes are decreasing. The SEM and EDX results showed that in the high ionic strength seawater, the preferential adsorption of humic acid and the formation of calcium sulfate crystals are the main reasons for the decline of memebrane flux, and the complexation of Ca^2＋ with humic acid is negligible to membrane fouling.

关 键 词：纳滤 海水软化 截留性能 膜污染 

分 类 号：TQ028.8[化学工程]