黄壤旱地长期不同耕作与施肥对玉米产量及施肥效益的影响  

Effects of Long-term Different Farming and Fertilizer Methods on Maize Yield and Fertilizer Efficiency in the Upland Field with Yellow Soil

作　　者：张文安 芶久兰 李剑 肖厚军 秦松 

机构地区：[1]贵州省土壤肥料研究所,贵州贵阳550006

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2008年第2期105-107,共3页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省农业科学院项目"贵州黄壤肥力与肥效监测"[黔农科合(重点)05003];"贵州黄壤长期监测基地建设"[院2X(2007)010]

摘　　要：以1995-2007年贵州黄壤肥力与肥料效益长期监测基地作物产量为基础,分析探讨了黄壤旱地长期不同耕作与施肥对玉米产量及施肥效益的影响。结果表明,黄壤旱地自然肥力可生产玉米176.7 kg/667m2,在施用纯N 11 kg/667m2、P2O55.5 kg/667m2、K2O 5.5 kg/667m2的基础上,玉米产量平均可达389.6 kg/667m2;单施无机肥作物的增产效果优于单施有机肥;有机、无机肥配合施用的增产效果优于单施;黄壤旱地玉米分带轮作其作物产量和肥料效益均大于轮作;在施肥水平相同的情况下,无机肥的肥料效益大于有机肥;黄壤旱地有机肥、无机肥配施比例以1∶3为宜,作物产量和施肥效益均佳。The effects of long-term different farming and fertilizer methods on maize yield and fertilizer efficiency in the upland field with yellow soil are discussed by analyzing crop yields from Guizhou long-term monitoring base of yellow soil fertility and fertilizer efficiency in 1995～2007.The results indicate that the natural fertility can produce 176.7 kg/667m2 of maize and the average maize yield can be up to 389.6 kg/667m2 on the basis of applying 11 kg/667m2 of pure N,5.5 kg/667m2 of P2O5 and 5.5 kg/667m2of K2O.The increasing effect of singly applying inorganic fertilizer is better than that of singly applying organic fertilizer and the increasing effect of applying inorganic and organic fertilizers is better than that of singly applying organic fertilizer or inorganic fertilizer.The crop yield and fertilizer efficiency of strip rotation is higher than that of rotation.The fertilizer efficiency of inorganic fertilizer is higher than that of organic fertilizer under the same application level.The optimum yield and fertilizer efficiency can be obtained in the upland field with yellow soil when the ratio of organic and inorganic fertilizer is 1∶3.

关 键 词：黄壤旱地 耕作与施肥 玉米产量 施肥效益 

分 类 号：S513.062[农业科学—作物学]