地膜覆盖提高新疆杨育苗成活率和苗木质量研究  

Study on Improving Seedling Survival Rate and Quality of Populus alba L. var. pyramidalis Bunge with Mulching Plastic Film

作　　者：惠学东 马剑英[2] 刘英 

机构地区：[1]宁夏林业技术推广总站,宁夏银川750001 [2]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《内蒙古林业科技》2008年第1期17-20,共4页Journal of Inner Mongolia Forestry Science and Technology

摘　　要：地膜覆盖能够提高膜下地温，促使土壤深层水上移，增加膜下0～20cm土壤湿度，是提高新疆杨成活率的关键因素。增加的“地积温”，通过延长生长期，保持土壤热量和水分稳定，增加叶片光合利用，改善土壤结构和理化性状，增加土壤有益微生物，充分利用土壤肥力作用等，提高苗木的生长量，进而提高了苗木质量。同时地膜覆盖产生的热量、水分和养分的梯度差异，可以改变根系垂直分布，增加土壤10～20cm范围内侧根数量和质量，对提高苗木质量，提高造林的成活率和保存率起着决定性作用。Mulching plastic film can increase the ground temperature, induce the deep soil water ascending and increase soil humidity at 0 -20 cm under the plastic film, which is the key factor to improve the survival rate of Populus alba L. var. pyramidalis Bunge. The accumulated soil temperature can increase the seedling increment, and then improve the seedling quality through prolonging the growth period, maintaining the quantity of soil heat and water, enhancing the leaf photosynthesis, ameliorating the soil structure and physicochemical properties, increasiug the beneficial soil microorganism and taking full advantages of the soil fertility. At the same time, the gradient difference of heat, water and nutrient can change the vertical distribution of root system, increase the quality and quantity of the lateral roots at the range of 10 -20 cm in soil, and then improve the seedling quality, survival rate and preserved rate.

关 键 词：新疆杨 地膜覆盖 育苗成活率 苗木质量 

分 类 号：S723.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]