固定管道式喷灌系统支管的布设方法  

Layout Method for Lateral Pipe of Set Sprinkler Systems

作　　者：韩文霆[1] 吴普特[2] 冯浩[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中科院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2008年第4期1-3,7,共4页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家863计划项目(2006AA100212);陕西省自然科学基金(2008E242)

摘　　要：传统固定管道式喷灌系统中的支管一般为最末一级管道,一般为单管顺长布置,支管上不再分支,喷头全部均匀分布在各条支管上,其缺陷是喷灌支管布设密度高,增加固定管道式喷灌系统的投资成本。为降低管道布设密度和投资成本,提出了一种新型支管布设方法,即在传统支管布设的基础上间隔去掉一半原有支管,保留原支管上的喷头位置不变,在保留支管上每间隔一个喷头增设一个垂直于支管的短管,向被去掉支管上的喷头供水。从支管布设密度和管材用量两个方面对新型和传统两种布设方法进行了对比分析。结果表明,新型布设方法降低了支管的布设密度,当喷头为正三角形布置时,支管布设密度降低率为7%。当喷头为等腰三角形布置,且喷头间距为支管间距的两倍时,支管布设密度降低率为25%。新型布设方法增加了支管管材用量,管材用量增加率始终大于141.4%,需要通过变管径的设计方法降低管材用量增加率。研究结果为固定管道式喷灌系统的支管布设提供了一种新的方法,为降低喷灌系统管道投资成本提供了一种新的思路。Conventional layout method of lateral pipe may result in high pipe line density and investment cost for set sprinkler systems,in which sprinklers are distributed on lateral pipes equidistantly and directly.In order to reduce the lateral pipe line density and investment cost,a layout method for lateral pipe of set sprinkler system,in which half lateral pipes were alternatively removed and additional short pipes were installed on reserved half lateral pipes perpendicularly to deliver water to original sprinklers on removed lateral pipe lines,was put forward in this paper.The new and conventional layout methods were analyzed and compared from the aspects of lateral pipe line density and quantity of lateral pipe materials.The results showed that the new method could reduce the distribution density of lateral pipe lines by 7% with equiangular triangle spacing of sprinklers or 25% when sprinklers were spaced in isosceles triangle and the sprinkler space was twice as the lateral space.The results also showed that the new method improved the quantity of lateral pipe by more than 141.4%.This problem could be resolved by using design method with variational lateral pipe diameter.The results of this paper provided a new design method for lateral pipe line layout and a new way to reduce lateral pipe line density and investment cost of set sprinkler systems.

关 键 词：喷灌 支管 布设方法 投资成本 

分 类 号：S275.5[农业科学—农业水土工程]