控释肥在基质栽培中的养分淋溶及其对基质理化性质的影响  

Nutrient Leaching of Controlled-Release Fertilizers in Flower Medium Cultivation and Its Effects on Medium Properties

作　　者：孙玲丽[1] 张民[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学资源与环境学院,作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2008年第2期151-154,共4页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家“十一五”科技支撑计划项目(编号:2006BAD10B07);农业部农业科技成果转化项目(编号:农计发[2004]32号)

摘　　要：无土栽培是设施农业中广泛采用的先进技术,能有效克服土壤连作障碍,具有省水、省肥、省工等土壤栽培难以比拟的优势,控释肥在基质栽培中的应用,使无土栽培技术的发展前景更加广阔。本文通过无土栽培试验,研究了控释复合肥在基质中的养分变化规律及其对基质理化性质的影响。研究结果表明,控释肥氮、磷、钾、铁和锌的释放规律基本一致,且养分的控制释放减少了养分流失,降低了基质中的盐分浓度,与普通速效肥相比更具有安全性;控释肥明显改变了基质的容重、孔隙度,改善了基质的水气状况,从而为作物的生长提供了良好的生长环境。Soilless culture is a widely used advanced technology in protected agriculture, it can overcome continuous cropping obstacles and have the advantages of economizing water, fertilizers and time compared to soil cultivation, the development prospects of soilless cultivation technology will be more brighter for applying controlled-release fertilizer in medium culture. The paper was concerned with the experiment in medium, in order to illustrate the nutrient release rate of controlled-release fertilizers in medium and effects on basic properties of medium. The results indicated that the nutrient release disciplinarian, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, iron and zinc of controlled-release fertilizers is basically conform,the nutrient was released slowly and the nutrients losings can be reduced. The controlled-release fertilizers （CRFs） could be safer than common fertilizers as the salinity contents of controlled-release fertilizers lower compared to common fertilizers. The bulk density and total interspaces of medium of CRFs was distinctly changed, appropriate environment was afforded to crops.

关 键 词：控释肥 基质 无土栽培 释放率 理化性质 

分 类 号：S145.5[农业科学—肥料学] S317[农业科学—农业基础科学]