利用成组生物测试评估某城市典型污水处理工艺  

Assessing four wasstewater treatment plants in a city by bioassay

作　　者：倪潇潇[1] 周军[2] 蒲俊文[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学材料科学与技术学院,北京100083 [2]北京市排水集团有限责任公司,北京100061

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2008年第4期52-55,共4页Environmental Pollution & Control

摘　　要：设计了一组基于生物标记物的生物测试方法,并用于评价某城市4个典型污水处理工艺对水中痕量有毒有机物的去除效果。测试方法包括检测芳烃(Ah)受体效应物质生物毒性的EROD(7-乙氧基-3-异吩噁唑酮-脱乙基酶)试验、类雌激素效应物质的重组基因酵母生物毒性试验和遗传毒性物质的SOS/umu试验。结果表明,4个典型的城市污水处理工艺对Ah受体效应物质、类雌激素效应物质和遗传毒性物质都有一定的去除效果,其中A2/O处理工艺对3类物质的去除效果最明显;空气曝气活性污泥工艺对直接遗传毒性物质的去除效果较好,但对Ah受体效应物质的去除效果一般;倒置A2/O处理工艺和氧化沟处理工艺也能够较好地去除这3类物质,两种处理工艺效果相当。采用成组生物标记物方法可以对城市污水中的痕量有毒有机物进行毒性筛选或测试,适用于水处理工艺的风险评价。A bioassay has been proposed consisting of EROD test,recombinant gene yeast assay and SOS/Umu test was usedto evaluate the removal efficiencies of Ah-receptor agonists, estrogenic substances and genotoxic substances in treatment processes of the four wastewater plants in one city. The results show that the processes were efficient to the remove of three toxic organic substances. The process of traditional air aeration bio-activated sludge had a good removal efficiency for direct genotoxic chemicals, and unobvious for Ah-receptor agonists. The upside-down A^2/O bio-aetivated sludge and the oxidation ditch activated sludge had no obvious differences in the three substances and both have good efficiency. Combinations of different bioassays based on biomarker should be a promising tool for screening evaluation of toxicity in urban wastewater,especially for assessing the complex matrix contained known and unknown toxic micro-pollutant.

关 键 词：痕量有机物 水处理 生物毒性测试 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程] P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]