三峡库区坡地果园间植草篱的水土保持效应  

FUNCTIONS OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION BY GRASS HEDGEROW INTERCROPPING OF SLOPE ORCHARD IN THREE GORGES RESERVOIR AREA

作　　者：廖晓勇[1] 罗承德[2] 陈治谏[1] 王海明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川成都610041 [2]四川农业大学林学园艺学院,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2008年第1期152-156,共5页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：中国科学院西部行动计划项目(KZCX2-XB2-07);国务院三峡建设委员会办公室项目(SX2001-021)资助

摘　　要：坡地果园水土流失对三峡库区生态环境和农业可持续性发展构成双重压力。以皇竹草篱为纽带间植于坡地果园营建复合生态模式,对草篱拦蓄泥沙,径流的效应进行了长期观测。结果表明:草篱间植的应用能有效减少坡地果园的水土流失,尤以侵蚀量减少更为显著,与传统果园经营模式相比,径流量减少了58.71%～65.74%,侵蚀量减少了70.70%～77.92%。同时,草篱间植的应用对减少养分的流失总量效果也相当显著,对减少库区面源污染,保持和提高坡地果园的土地生产力具有重要作用,为三峡库区坡地果园的利用与保护提供了技术与模式支撑。The soil loss of slope orchard is a serious problem on both eco-environment and sustainable agricultural development in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. Preventing soil erosion and improving productivity of slope orchard is the main target of grass hedgerow intercropping. Taking traditional orchard pattern as a control,five year＇s trail systematical study on ecological effects,including runoff and sediment collecting,of grass hedgerow intercropping was carried out. The results showed that this model could effectively reduce soil and water loss of purple soil slope orchard. Especially, the decrease of soil erosion amount is more evident in comparison with traditional orchard pattern-runoff amount decreased by 58. 71% 65.74% ,soil erosion amount decreased by 70.70%-77.92%. Under the typical short duration and high intensity rainfall, grass hedgerow intercropping played an important role in time delaying and postponing process of runoff and sediment yield. Besides,grass hedgerow intercropping could obviously decrease total amount of nutrient loss, so as to keep soil fertility and improve productivity of land and decrease non-point pollution. It was proposed that this trial model should be widely extended to contribute greatly to sustainable agricultural development and eco-environmental protection in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area.

关 键 词：三峡库区 草篱 水土保持 坡地果园 

分 类 号：S666.1[农业科学—果树学] P642.22[农业科学—园艺学]