北京地区3种冷季型禾本科草坪草生物量及养分吸收动态的研究  

Study on biomass and nutrient uptake dynamics of three cold-season turfgrass species in Beijing

作　　者：刘艺杉[1] 刘自学[1] 李晓光[1] 张自和[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京克劳沃草业技术开发中心,北京100029 [2]兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《草业科学》2008年第4期88-94,共7页Pratacultural Science

摘　　要：以北京地区常见的3种草坪草多年生黑麦草Lolium perenne、草地早熟禾Poa pratensis和高羊茅Festuca arundinacea为研究对象,采用田间试验和实验室内分析相结合,对3种冷季型草坪草年季间生长变化规律,营养元素N、P、K养分吸收特性进行初步研究。结果表明：3种草坪草中高羊茅的年生长量最大,草地早熟禾和多年生黑麦草,二者差异不显著,但显著低于高羊茅。3种草坪草组织中N、P、K营养元素含量存在一定差异,整个生长季变化趋势相近,且变幅相对较小。N和K养分含量较高,变幅较小,P养分含量较低,变幅较大,养分含量的变化与草坪草生长变化不完全同步。而N、P、K养分每年带出量变化趋势与生长量的变化相近,即多年生黑麦草和高羊茅为“高-低-高”型,以夏季带出量较低;P养分带出量变化不大。3种草坪草地下生物量的变化趋势与地上部分生长变化趋势具有一定的相似性。高羊茅地下生物量最高,草地早熟禾次之,多年生黑麦草最少;3草种分布都是以0-10 cm层占主导地位。草地早熟禾在0-10 cm层的根系分布较多,而在10-20 cm层和20-30 cm层多年生黑麦草和高羊茅分布较多。The seasonal growing rhythm and N, P and K uptake of three turfgrasses （Lolium perenne, Poa pratensis, Festuca arundinacea） in Beijing area were studied using field test combined with laboratory analysis. The results showed that the annual biomass of tall rescue was the biggest; there was no significant difference between Kentucky bluegrass and Perennial ryegrass but both significantly lower than tall rescue. N, P and K contents of three turfgrasses differed a little with slight seasonal variation. N and K contents were high but variation range was lower; P was the opposite with lower content but greater variation. The nutrient content variation did not accord with the growth of turfgrass. However, the variation of taken out nutrient amount was consisted with the growth of turfgrass. Both perennial ryegrass and tall rescue had high-low-high fluctuation with lower amount in summer. Little change was observed on P amount. There were some similarities in Underground biomass variation and aboveground biomass of three turfgrasses. The rank of underground biomass was tall fescue〉kentucky bluegrass〉perennial ryegrass, most of the biomass allocated in the 0-10 cm depth. The root mass of kentucky bluegrass was dominant in 0-10 cm soil, while that of perennial ryegrass and tall rescue mostly allocated in 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm.

关 键 词：草坪草 生长量 养分吸收 氮 磷 钾 

分 类 号：S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]