灌溉水文学及其研究进展  

Progress in study of the irrigation hydrology

作　　者：代俊峰[1] 崔远来[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《水科学进展》2008年第2期294-300,共7页Advances in Water Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50579059);教育部博士点基金资助项目(20050486002)~~

摘　　要：由于灌区下垫面性质的空间变异性和人类活动对水分循环的影响,灌区呈现出与自然流域不同的水文特征。在不同尺度水文特征的研究中,人们注意到灌溉排水与水文学的联系,并提出了灌溉水文学的概念。近年来,灌溉对灌区水文的影响及节水灌溉的尺度效应等研究,逐渐丰富了灌溉水文学的研究内容,灌溉水文学研究的重要性日渐突出。本文在分析灌区水文现象、水分循环及灌溉对灌区水分循环影响的基础上,阐述了不同学者对灌溉水文学概念的理解,在总结国内外灌溉水文学及相关领域研究进展的基础上,提出了灌溉水文的研究重点及其发展趋势。并提出,灌区水文观测和灌区信息的准确获取是灌溉水文学的研究基础,针对灌区特点而开发的数值模拟和灌区分布式水文模型是主要研究手段,尺度效应和尺度转换是研究的难点。Due to the spatial variability of underlying surface information and under the influence of human activity, hydrological characteristics of irrigation area are different from those of the natural basin. The concept of irrigation hydrology is painted out in the research on hydrological cycle at different scales in irrigation area and interaction of irrigation-drainage and hydrology. Currently, the study on the effects of water use on irrigation area hydrology and the scale effect of water saving has complemented the conten of irrigation hydrology, and the irrigation hydrology research is becoming a hot spot in the world. Based on the analysis of hydrological cycle and the influence of irrigation practice on the irrigation system, several considerations of irrigation hydrology concept are introduced. On the basis of the current situation of the study in irrigation hydrology and the relevant field, the research emphasis and the development trend of irrigation hydrology in the future are given. The paper indicates that hydrological monitoring and information acquisition in irrigation system are the research base of irrigation hydrology, the numerical simulation method and the irrigation system distributed hydrological model for at the irrigation area are the main means of the research, and the scale effect and scaling are the difficult points of the research.

关 键 词：灌溉水文学 水分循环 人类活动 尺度 

分 类 号：S271[农业科学—农业水土工程] G353.11[农业科学—农业工程]