可控缓释水的功能导水涂层纤维制备及其渗水特性分析  

Preparation and water-releasing characteristics of water-releasedly coated fiber

作　　者：张增志[1] 张利梅[1] 马向东[2] 李根柱[3] 张玉肖[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)生态功能材料研究所,北京100083 [2]中国矿业大学(北京)机电与信息工程学院,北京100083 [3]北京林业大学林学院,北京100083

出　　处：《功能材料》2008年第4期660-662,666,共4页Journal of Functional Materials

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)资助项目(2001AA322100);教育部重点资助项目(106086);北京市产学研共建资助项目(ZH114140537)

摘　　要：针对荒漠化地区生态恢复难题,将吸水性有机树形高分子与超细蒙脱石颗粒混合成胶体,涂敷于天然植物纤维表面,制备出一种具有可控缓释水功能的导水涂层纤维,并与环境友好性材料复合成膜。采用热重法分析了涂层材料吸-脱附水特性、快速水分测定法测量了膜材包装水后失水率随温度和土壤湿度的变化,利用环境扫描电镜观察了涂层纤维表面形貌、分析了涂层纤维的动态水分运移机理,统计出膜材包装水现场造林后的土壤含水量。实验结果表明,这种功能导水涂层纤维能够实现不同涂层组分下渗水速度的可设计性和基于土壤温度及湿度的自调节机制,保证了植物生长的合理土壤湿度。This paper presents a water-releasedly coated fiber,which is a kind of natural plant fiber coated by the mixed colloid composed of sop organic macromolecule and ultra-fine montmorillonite grain. The desorption of the mixed colloid is detected by thermogravimetry. The water-releasing characteristics with various temperature and soil moisture are analized by using fast watere-quipment. The micro-appearance of the coated fiber is described by the environment scanning electronmicroscope and the water-releasing mechanism is proposed. The results indicate that the water-releasing ratio of the fiber can be designed with different component of the coat. The fiber can adjust its water-releasing ratio while the temperature and the soil moisture are changing.

关 键 词：荒漠化治理 导水纤维 涂层 土壤湿度 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]