目平湖洲垸亚型血吸虫病流行区不同防治策略效果纵向观察  

Longitudinal study on effect of control strategies for schistosomiasis in subtype of embankment in Muping Lake regions

作　　者：姚孝明[1] 赵正元[2] 肖俊文[1] 周应彩[1] 余秋兰[1] 谢朝梅[1] 江凤枝[1] 杨宇林[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省常德市疾病预防控制中心,常德415000 [2]湖南省血吸虫病防治研究所

出　　处：《中国血吸虫病防治杂志》2008年第2期97-101,共5页Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control

摘　　要：目的观察洞庭湖洲垸亚型疫区采取不同防治措施控制血吸虫病效果。方法选择西洞庭湖洲垸型疫区五一村为试点,连续27年分阶段实施常规防治、人畜同步化疗、化疗结合改水的不同防治措施,观察人畜病情和螺情的变化。结果湖沼型洲垸亚型重流行区,常规防治措施,居民感染率维持在33.10%～34.73%的较高水平。以人畜同步扩大化疗为主的措施,人群感染率、耕牛感染率分别从30.00%以上降至10.00%左右,儿童新感染率从15.00%下降到5.00%以下。化疗结合改水居民感染率维持在2.66%～7.61%,儿童新感染率为1.20%～3.70%。各阶段垸外易感地带感染性钉螺无明显变化。结论人畜同步扩大化疗为主的防治策略,短期可迅速降低居民血吸虫感染率,是控制湖沼型地区血吸虫病流行的有效方法,但化疗措施仍无法阻断血吸虫病传播。Objective To investigate the endemic characteristics of schistosomiasis and control effect of different interventions on schistosomiasis in subtype of embankment in Dongting Lake regions. Methods Wuyi Village in Muping Lake （West Dongting Lake） regions was selected as the observation site. The routine control measures, synchronized chemotherapy for human and animals, chemotherapy in combination with the safe water project were implemented separately in different periods of 27 years. The prevalence and snail status were investigated and taken as the observation indicators. Results The 27-year successive observations showed that the routine measure could keep schistosomiasis prevalence of residents at the rate of 33. 10%- 34.73%; the synchronized chemotherapy for human and animals could lower the prevalence of human and domestic animals from more than 30. 00% to less than 10.00%, and decrease the newly infection rate among children from 15.00% to less than 5.00%; the chemotherapy in combination with the safe water project could sustain schistosomiasis prevalence of the residents at the rate of 2. 66%- 7. 61%, and keep schistosomiasis newly infection rate among children between 1.20% and 3. 70% in highly endemic areas. No significantly changes in infected snail indicators were found outside the embankment. Conclusions The synchronized chemotherapy on human and domestic animals could quickly lower the prevalence rate of schistosomiasis among residents, which is considered as an effective strategy to control the transmission of schistosomiasis. Although chemotherapy can reduce the infection rate of schistoso- miasis to a lower level, it can not interrupt the transmission of schistosomiasis.

关 键 词：血吸虫病 扩大化疗 灭螺 湖沼洲垸亚型 纵向观察 

分 类 号：R532.21[医药卫生—内科学]