优秀运动员机能评定中肌酸激酶、血尿素等指标的个体化研究  

Evaluate the Athletic Function with the CK and BU in Individual Serum

作　　者：武露凌[1] 季师敏[1] 田春美[1] 刘海岚[1] 戴秀霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省体育科学研究所,南京210014

出　　处：《体育与科学》2008年第2期75-77,共3页Sports & Science

摘　　要：目的:为了准确地、客观地应用生化指标评价运动量和运动员在一定负荷下的机能反应。方法:通过大量测试,收集每一运动员1-2年的基础数据后,根据临床检验中的统计质量控制原理,绘制每个运动员的生化指标变化控制图,并统计出每个该运动员的生化指标的平均值、标准差、变异系数。同时对不同特点的运动项目的运动员的所得到的1-2年的平均的生化指标及其变异系数进行统计,找出项目间的差异。结果:通过分析各运动员在近两年的数据,Hgb的个体自身变异一般在10%以内,尿素在20%以内,根据临床检验中统计质量控制的原理,Hgb确定以低于平均值±1SD为警戒值,平均值±2SD为控制值;BU确定以高于平均值±1SD为警戒值,平均值±2SD为控制值;而CK受运动强度的影响较大,个体本身的变异系数波动范围较大,所测数据中,个体CK最高的CV值可达181%,且CK活性变化幅度可反映训练复合的大小及身体的适应情况,不能简单地以警戒值及控制值来控制,并且平均所得的CK值不能作为该运动员的CK基础值。结论:运动员的个体差异较大,不能以一个统一的标准来进行评价。根据测试指标在控制图上的位置,评价每个运动员对负荷的反应,分析训练计划的合理性,从中找出规律性的东西,不断总结经验,提高训练效果及机能评定的准确性,并指导运动营养品的应用。Aim： to evaluate the athletic function in different exercise intensity accurately and objectively. Method： test and collect the results of CK and BU in athletes＇ serum during 1 to 2 years, according to the principle of statistical quality control, draw the control graphs of the values of biochemical index for every athlete. However, calculate the difference between different type of sports from analyzing these data. Result： after analyzing the data in the last two years, the CV of Hgb of individual athlete is in the range of 10% ; which of BU is in the range of 20%, so for the index of Hgb, the mean --1SD as guard value, and mean--2SD as control value; and for BU, the mean＋1SD as guard value, and mean＋2SD as control value to monitor sports training. CK values show great variability among individuals. The highest individual CV value is 181% in all data. So the CK average of an athlete couldn＇t be looked as the basal value of the athlete. Conclusion： there are personal difference of the CK and BU, so it＇s not suitable to apply a uniform standard to evaluate the athletic function. It is essential to analyze every athlete＇s individual physiological characteristic, and further investigate the relationship among level of training, muscle size and CK and BU release after exercise.

关 键 词：运动员机能评定 肌酸激酶 尿素氮 个体化 

分 类 号：G804.22[文化科学—运动人体科学]