竹炭包膜尿素在土壤中的氨挥发损失及其影响因素  

Ammonia Volatilization of Bamboo-Charcoal Coated Urea in Soil and Affecting Factors

作　　者：纪锐琳[1] 朱义年[1] 佟小薇[1] 张爱莉[1] 朱本富[1] 王敦球[1] 

机构地区：[1]桂林工学院广西环境工程与保护评价重点实验室,资源与环境工程系广西桂林541004

出　　处：《桂林工学院学报》2008年第1期113-118,共6页Journal of Guilin University of Technology

基　　金：广西“新世纪十百千人才工程”专项资金资助项目(2004217);广西科学研究与技术开发项目(桂科攻0632006-3B);桂林市科学研究与技术开发项目(2006-45-1);广西研究生科技创新计划项目(2007105960830M23)

摘　　要：采用"静态吸收法"研究了自制竹炭包膜尿素(BCCU)在土壤中的氨挥发损失情况,以及施肥量、土壤含水量、土壤温度和土壤类型等因素对氨挥发损失的影响。结果表明,自制的竹炭包膜尿素氨挥发损失量显著减少。在每千克土壤中,施氮600 mg时,两种包膜氮肥氨挥发损失量分别比尿素减少31.8%和19.3%;施氮1 000 mg时,两种包膜氮肥氨挥发损失量分别比尿素减少21.82%和16.66%。在两个施肥水平下,供试氮肥的氨挥发损失量随时间的变化关系均可用Elovich动力学方程Yt=a+blnt来描述。土壤含水量和温度等对氮肥氨挥发有较大的影响,氨挥发量随着含水量和温度的上升而递增。Ammonia volatilization of the bamboo-charcoal coated urea （BCCU） in soil is studied in a static adsorption method. Effects of fertilizer application dosages, soil water content, soil temperature and soil type on the ammonia volatilization are also tested simultaneously. The results show that BCCU can reduce the total ammonia volatilization in comparing with common urea. Under the application rate of 600 mg N in 1 kg of soil, total ammonia volatilizations from two kinds of coated ureas decrease by 31.8% and 19.3% , respectively. Under the application rate of 1 000 mg N in 1 kg of soil, total ammonia volatilizations decrease by 21.82% and 16. 66%, respectively. The relationship between the accumulated amount of ammonia volatilization and the time is well described by the Elovich equation Yt = α ＋ blnt. The soil water content and soil temperature have a significant effect on the ammonia volatilization, as the total ammonia volatilization amount increases with increasing soil water content and temperature.

关 键 词：竹炭 包膜尿素 氨挥发 土壤含水量 土壤温度 

分 类 号：S145.5[农业科学—肥料学] S147.5[农业科学—农业基础科学]