北京市医疗卫生机构HIV抗体检测结果分析  

HIV antibody testing in health-care facilities of Beijing

作　　者：卢红艳[1] 朱林[2] 于建平[3] 王辰[4] 杨元智[5] 李洋[1] 安洋[2] 赵宇深[6] 贺雄[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心,100013 [2]北京市东城区疾病预防控制中心 [3]北京市西城区疾病预防控制中心 [4]北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心 [5]北京市丰台区疾病预防控制中心 [6]北京市宣武区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《首都公共卫生》2008年第2期61-64,共4页Capital Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的调查北京市不同地区、不同级别医疗卫生机构HIV抗体筛查情况；了解HIV抗体筛查工作现状、资源分布特点；掌握目前不同地区、不同类型医疗卫生机构HIV抗体筛查人群分布及阳性率特点。方法分层抽样抽取不同地区、级别医疗卫生机构作为调查对象，收集HIV抗体筛查的人群、科室分布情况及阳性率情况。使用Excel电子表格进行数据录入，SPSS11．5软件进行数据分析。既往资料查阅历史记录。结果共抽取4个区，19家具有HIV初筛实验室资质的医疗卫生机构。其中城区9家，近郊区10家。2005年7月-2006年6月共进行HIV抗体筛查86277份，检出HIV／AIDS205例，总检出率0．24％。其中男性阳性率0．37％；女性阳性率0．12％。皮肤性病门诊1．13％；感染科0．76％；其他科室0．06％；妇科0．02％；外科0．005％；不详科室检出率为0．014％。城近郊区0．46％，高于城区0．14％，传染病专科医院1．24％、疾控中心1．45％高于综合医院0．01％。检出HIV／AIDS162例，总检出率0．26％。男性HIV抗体阳性率较女性高；30-40岁年龄组检测阳性率较其他年龄组高；近郊区检测阳性率高于城区；检出率最高的科室为皮肤性病科，阳性率为1．1％，高于既往同类人群检测阳性率。结论医疗机构就诊者HIV抗体阳性率总体上处于低水平；目前医疗卫生机构因职业暴露导致HIV感染的风险较小；通过介入性治疗导致HIV院内交叉感染的风险较小；高危人群人仍是当前HIV抗体筛查的重点人群。Objective To understand current status and distribution of resources for HIV antibody testing in medical and health-care institutions at varied levels and districts, and to find out positivity of HIV-antibody in general population at varied health-care institutions of Beijing. Methods Hospitals at different areas and levels were selected by stratified sampling as study objectives. Information about positivity of HIV-antibody test in varied hospitals and their distribution were collected. All the data were input into Microsoft Excel. SPSS version 11.5 software was used to analyze the data. Results of past HIV antibody testing were reviewed from the records. Results Nineteen hospitals qualified for HIV-antibody laboratory testing in four districts were selected, including nine hospitals in urban and ten in suburb of Beijing. During July 2005 to June 2006, a total of 86 277 serum specimens were collected for HIV- antibody testing and 205 （154 males and 50 females） were confirmed as HIV-antibody positive, with an overall positive rate of 0.24%, 0.37% in males and 0.12% in females. Positive rate of HIV-antibody was highest in clinics for skin diseases and sexually-transmitted diseases （STD） （1.13%）, and then followed by department of infectious diseases （0.76%）, department of gynecology （0.02%）, department of surgery （0.005%）, other departments of hospitals （0.06%）, and unknown （0.014%）. HIV-positive rate was 0.46% in suburb, higher than that in urban （0.14 % ） . H1V-positive rate in hospitals specialized for communicable diseases （ 1.24 % ） and centers for disease control and prevention （CDC） （1.45%） was higher than that in general hospitals （0.01% ）. Overall positiveHIV-antibody rate was higher in males than that in females, higher in those aged 30 - 40 years than that in those at other ages, higher in suburban than that in urban, and higher in department of skin diseases （ 1.1% ） than that in other departments of hospitals. Conclusion As a whole, positivity of

关 键 词：HIV 抗体 筛查 阳性率 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学] R197[医药卫生—临床医学]