基于走航观测的夏季南极海冰分布特征分析  

Analysis of the Signature of Summer Antarctic Sea Ice Distribution by Ship-Based Ice Observation

作　　者：唐述林 李宁 

机构地区：[1]中铁二十一局集团有限公司,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2008年第2期211-217,共7页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40271026);中国科学院重要方向项目(KZCX3-SW-354);科技部国际合作项目(2001CB711003);科技部基础研究项目(2001DIA50040-03);2006年度王宽诚博士后奖励基金项目;中国博士后科学基金项目(20060400210)资助

摘　　要：依托中国第19次南极科学考察，基于ASPeCt（南极海冰过程与气候）海冰走航观测方法标准，以“雪龙号”破冰船为平台进行夏季南大洋海冰走航观测．在2003年1月4—17日近6500km的航程断面上，分别获取了海冰的厚度、密集度、雪厚度、浮冰尺寸等海冰分布特征参数．结果表明，海冰分布特征参数均呈现了较大的空间变化．由于夏季海冰融化并受制于特定动力过程作用，海冰在威德尔海附近聚集，密集度达到峰值，沿断面在0％～80％之间变化；在断面的大部分观测到开阔水域．沿断面海冰厚度介于10～210cm，雪厚度介于2～80cm之间，在埃默里冰架附近冰雪厚度达到了全断面的最高值．沿断面浮冰尺寸，最小到＜10cm到最大超过2000m不等。Based on Chinese 19^th National Antarctic Research Expedition, ship-based Antarctic sea ice obserwtion on icebreaker ＂Xuelong＂ was carried out using Antarctic Sea Ice Process and Climate Criteria during austral summer. Sea ice distribution data were obtained along the ship track, nearly 6 500 km in length. The ice parameters include sea ice thickness, sea ice concentration, snow depth and floe size. Analysis shows a large spatial variation of the observed sea ice characteristics. Sea ice concentration varied between 0 and 80 and reached its peak value in Weddell Sea due to a specific dynamical process affecting the summer sea ice melting. There are large areas of open water along the study track. Sea ice and the upper snow cover of the track varied between 10 to 210cm and 2 to 80 cm in thickness, respectively, and both reached their peak values near Amery ice shelf. The floe size varied from a minimum of less than 10 cm to a maximum of more than 2000m.

关 键 词：南极 海冰 类型 走航观测 2003年 

分 类 号：P343.63[天文地球—水文科学] P941.61[天文地球—地球物理学]