祁连山近期七一冰川融水径流特征分析  

Analysis of the Recent Features of the Meltwater Runoff from the Qiyi Glacier,Qilian Mountains

作　　者：宋高举[1] 王宁练[1] 陈亮[1] 贺建桥[1] 蒋熹[1] 武小波[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2008年第2期321-328,共8页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：中国科学院创新团队国际合作伙伴计划项目(CXTD-Z2005-2);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2005CB422003);国家杰出青年科学基金项目(40525001);中国科学院优秀人才项目(2005406);科技基础性工作专项"中国冰川资源及其变化调查"项目(2006FY1102007)资助

摘　　要：利用2006年8月1日-9月30日的实测水文数据,对"七一"冰川融水径流产汇流特征进行了分析,并揭示出该冰川日消融特征.通过对冰川融水量的估算以及径流模数的计算,并与过去的观测结果进行对比,表明近些年来"七一"冰川消融强度和消融量都在增大,而且2006年消融量为近几年观测的最大值.虽然不同年份消融量不一样,但"七一"冰川总的趋势是一直处于萎缩状态,随着全球变暖,"七一"冰川的萎缩可能将继续下去.通过对设立在沿冰川下游方向两个不同的水文断面进行对比分析,结果表明"七一"冰川融水径流在向下游运动过程中有部分水入渗为河谷潜流,观测期内两个相距不到2 km的水文断面间渗漏损耗占近1/3左右.Based on the measured hydrological data from 1^st August to 30^st, 2006, the producing, converging and draining characteristics of meltwater runoff from the Qiyi Glacier are analyzed and then its ablated characteristics are revealed. It is found that the daily maximal discharge is nine times as much as the daily minimal discharge. Estimating the glacier ablation, calculating its runoff modulus, and comparing with the previous observed results, it can be concluded that the amount and intensity of the glacier ablation have increased in the past few years; especially, in 2006 the ablation was the maximum among the latest years. Despite the amount of glacier ablation obviously dissimilar from year to year, in general, the glacier is in a state of shrinking, and that, under the condition of global warming, the shrinkage will be continuous. Analyzing the observations at the two hydrological sections beneath the glacier demonstrates that seepage loss between the two sections, not more than 2 km in distance, accounts for about 1/3 of the total meltwater runoff at the first section, thus, it is believed that, in the process of the meltwater runoff flows downwards, a part of meltwater shifts to subsurface flow.

关 键 词：“七一”冰川 近期冰川消融 融水径流 祁连山 

分 类 号：P343.6[天文地球—水文科学]