基于危险化学品储存的区域生态环境风险评价  

Regional Eco-environmental Risk Assessment Based on the Storage of Dangerous Chemicals

作　　者：王辉民[1] 高菊红[2] 李翔[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)水资源与环境学院 [2]中国环境科学研究院

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2008年第3期154-160,共7页China Safety Science Journal

摘　　要：借鉴现有的生态风险评价方法,提出适合危险化学品储存的区域生态风险评价体系,即区域生态风险受体确定,评价终点选择,暴露途径和方式,暴露剂量分析与计算,风险表征以及区域生态风险管理对策等。研究结果表明:在有风模式中,鸟类的不可接受风险范围最远可达下风向7km,蛙类的不可接受风险最远可达下风向27km。大部分敏感点的蛙类急性暴露剂量都超标,处于不可接受风险水平;80%的敏感点的鸟类处于不可接受风险水平。根据风险评价结果,提出从防范措施、应急预案、环境监测和生态补偿4个方面制定区域生态风险管理措施。该区域生态环境风险评价研究为同类型区域生态环境风险评价提供借鉴作用。Based on present methods of ecological risk assessment, a regional ecological risk assessment system for the storage of dangerous chemicals is built, which includes the definition of risk receptor, choice of assessment endpoints, exposure ways, analysis and calculation of exposure does, risk characterization and countermeasures for regional ecological risk management. The result indicates that in the situation of small wind, the unacceptable range of birds is 7 km in the down-direction of wind, and the one of the frogs are 27 km. The acute exposure dose for most sensitive frogs is above the standards and in the level of unacceptable risk. Eighty percent of sensitive birds＇acute exposure doses are in the level of unacceptable risk. According to the assessment results, regional eco-environmental risk management measures are presented from the four aspects of precautionary measure, emergency plan, environmental monitoring and ecological compensation. This study may provide references for similar projects of ecological risk assessment.

关 键 词：危险化学品 区域生态环境 风险评价 风险受体 评价终点 生态补偿 

分 类 号：X937[环境科学与工程—安全科学] X171.1