一种新型矮牵牛花发育突变体的研究  

A NOVEL FLORAL MUTANT OF PETUNIA

作　　者：国凤利[1] 孟繁静[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学生物学院,北京100094

出　　处：《Acta Botanica Sinica》1997年第8期707-711,共5页Acta Botanica Sinica（植物学报：英文版）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：报道了新发现的一种矮牵牛(Petunia hybrida L.)花发育突变体,命名为efficient(eff),并对这一突变体进行了形态学和遗传学分析。eff突变体主要表现为雌蕊心皮数目的增加和雄蕊上长出花瓣状结构,同时,雄蕊、花瓣和萼片数亦有增多,但营养器官无变化。心皮数目的增加导致雌蕊柱头和子房体积的显著增大,并形成较大的果实。雄蕊上花瓣的形成对花粉的产生无明显影响。扫描电镜观察发现,eff突变体在花器官原基形成时发生了相应数目的增加及特征的变化。遗传学分析表明,突变的表现型符合孟德尔单基因遗传规律。A new kind of petunia (Petunia hybrida L.) floral mutant, designated as efficient (eff) , was characterized as having increased number of organs in all floral whorls compared with the wild type. The number of carpel was steadily increased up to 3 to 4. The pistil had a 3- or 4-lobbed stigma. Meanwhile, petaloid structures developed on top of the stamens, but pollen formation and anther dehiscence were not affected. After fertilization, the mutant flower formed a larger fruit consisted of more than two loculi. Scanning electron microscopic observations revealed that the increased organ number and petaloid structure occurred at primodia stage in the mutant. This eff mutation acted as a single Mendelian trait in genetic crosses. The phenotype of the mutant flower are advantageous to sexual reproduction process of plant.

关 键 词：矮牵牛 发育 花突变体 

分 类 号：S681.610.3[农业科学—观赏园艺]