中小工厂防尘中适用除尘器的选型  

The Appropriate Dust Collectors for Dust Control in Small-Medium Factories

作　　者：胡国华[1] 刘彦昌[1] 刘江[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所,北京100050

出　　处：《中国卫生工程学》2008年第2期65-68,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health Engineering

摘　　要：目的探讨依据不同生产工序粉尘粒度分级组成和除尘器粒度分级效率测定结果进行适用除尘器选型的可行性。方法使用WY-1型冲击式尘粒分级仪测定粉尘的粒径分级组成和除尘器的粒径分级除尘效率。结果（1）①大理石和玉石雕刻、陶瓷、建材、耐火、砖瓦、石粉厂的轮碾、筛分，②陶瓷修坯，③玻璃配料工序的粉尘〉5岬的分别为90．4％～74％、66％、46％；（2）旋风、冲击水浴、冲击喷雾、滤袋、高压静电除尘器对粒径为5μm粉尘的分级除尘效率分别为73．0％、92．1％-98．4％、99．2％、〉99．0％、〉99．0％；计算得出上述除尘器对不同工序总除尘效率。根据有效、适用、经济要求，进行了不同粉尘作业适用除尘器的选型。结论根据现场调查测定结果可进行不同粉尘作业工序适用除尘器的选型，此为防尘设计提供依据。Objective To explore the feasibility of selecting appropriate dust collectors , based on the detecting results of particle size distributions of dust from various processes and the fractional particle size collecting efficiencies of different dust collectors. Methods The particle size distributions of dusts from various processes and the fractional particle size collecting efficiencies of different dust collectors were measured with WY - 1 cascade impactors. Results （ 1 ） The dust particles more than 5 um in diameter from ① marble stone and jade carving, roll mill and sieving processes in ceramic, glazed tile , firebrick, quart power, clay brick and tile factories, ②jiggering for shaping blank pottery, ③ mixing of raw materials in glass factory were 90.4% - 74%, 66%, 46% respectively; （ 2 ） The fractional collecting efficiencies of cyclone, impinging scrubber, impinging - spray scrubber, bag filter and electric static precipitator for 5 um particle were 73. 0%, 92. 1% -98.4%, 99. 2%, 〉99. 9%, 〉99.0%. Based on the requirements of effective, practical in use, and economical, the total collecting efficiencies of these dust collectors for various processes were calculated, the appropriate dust collectors to be used in these processes were investigated and put forward. Conclusion Based on the test results of field survey, the appropriate dust collectors to be used for various processes were investigated and put forward, they provide useful data for dust control design.

关 键 词：尘肺病预防 防尘措施 除尘器 

分 类 号：R13[医药卫生—劳动卫生]