试析美国宪法中的情态系统  

An Analysis of the Modality System in the Constitution of the United States

作　　者：施光[1] 辛斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学,南京210097

出　　处：《外语学刊》2008年第2期55-59,共5页Foreign Language Research

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"英汉报纸新闻互文性的比较研究"(04BYY040)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：本文运用系统功能语言学有关情态系统的理论和法律语言学有关立法语言的理论分析美国宪法的情态系统,发现在美国宪法中,主要出现情态动词、情态形容词(被动词组)这两类表示义务与意愿的情态表达式,几乎没有出现情态附加成分、情态名物化结构和情态隐喻等情态表达式。所选用的情态表达式有助于实现明确权利、义务,对适用对象作出规约、许可、授权、禁止等功能。This paper analyzes the system of modality in the Constitution of the United States, applying the theories of modality in systemic-functional grammar and theories of legislative language in forensic linguistics. We found that there are only two types of modal expressions employed in the Constitution： modal operators and adjectival predicator, while other types of modal expressions such as modal adjuncts, nominalization and metaphors of modality are almost totally absent. The expressions of modality that are present help the Constitution to clarify rights and duties and realize the functions of regulation, permission, authorization and prohibition.

关 键 词：情态系统 系统功能语言学 美国宪法 法律语言学 

分 类 号：H0-06[语言文字—语言学]