稻属种间杂种花粉植株的细胞遗传学研究  

Cytogenetical Studies on the Pollen-derived Plants from Interspecific Hybrid in Genus Oryza

作　　者：颜辉煌 胡慧英[1] 张雪琴[1] 张志涛[1] 田淑兰[1] 熊振民[1] 闵绍楷[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水稻研究所,浙江杭州310006

出　　处：《作物学报》1997年第6期689-692,共4页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：中国农业科学院院长基金;国家自然科学基金资助项目

摘　　要：以栽培稻02428与紧穗野生稻间不育F_1杂种(2n=24,AC)为材料进行花药培养,共接种花药32688个,获得再生绿苗13株及白化苗两株,愈伤诱导率与分化率分别为0.14％和34.78％。有9株花粉绿苗长至成熟,均表现长芒、紫柱头、强感光及易落粒等野生亲本的特性。细胞学检测结果进一步表明,其中4株为二倍体(2n=24),形态上与原F_1杂种相似,花粉母细胞中期Ⅰ亦只能见到少数二价体;另5株则为四倍体(2n=48),并从中筛选到两个抗褐飞虱的双二倍体,自交能少量结实。由此推测,F_1杂种很可能产生有功能的不减数配子,并由此再生出绿色花粉植株。Anther culture of a male-sterile interspecific hybrid between Oryza sativa vs. 02428 and O. eichingeri was attempted. From the 32688 anthers cultured, a total of 13 regenerated green plants and two albinos were eventually obtained, with the rate of callus induction and that of differentiation being 0. 14% and 34. 78%, respectively. All 9 green plants surviving to maturity showed traits of the wild species, including long awn, purple stigma, high photo-sensitivity and easy-shattering. They were further cytologically identified to be either diploids(2n = 24)or tetraploids(2n=48), in which 4 infertile diploids were similar to the original F1 hybrid morphologically and had also only a few bivalents at MI in PMCs, while two amphiploids with low self fertility and BPH resistance were, however, selected from the remained 5 tetraploid plants. It is therefore inferred that the F1 hybrid may have produced functional unreduced gametes from which the green plants originated.

关 键 词：栽培稻 紧穗野生稻 种间杂种 花粉植株 染色体组成 

分 类 号：S511.032[农业科学—作物学]