12个杂交水稻不育系异交性能的测定  

Field Performance of Outcrossing Characteristics for Twelve Male Sterile-lines of Hybrid Rice

作　　者：邓运[1] 康蓉蓉[1] 田小海[1] 林俊城[1] 陈淑莲[1] 

机构地区：[1]长江大学农学院

出　　处：《作物杂志》2008年第2期38-42,共5页Crops

基　　金：湖北水稻丰产高效技术集成研究与示范(科技部2004BA520A02)

摘　　要：制种实践表明，不育系的开花历程、柱头外露、柱头面积、开颖角度和开闭颖时间等异交特性与制种产量密切相关。本试验在大田条件下对目前荆州地区生产上一直大面积使用的12个杂交水稻不育系的异交性能进行了测定和综合评价。结果表明，供试材料在所有异交性能上均出现了不同程度的差异，有的差异达显著水平。最近培育的组合在柱头外露率、午前花率与开花集中程度等方面取得了明显进步。采用综合评判法对供试材料进行了评价，结果表明，供试不育系的异交性能由高到低可分成3档，最优不育系与最差不育系相比，综合指数相差约1倍；第1档综合评分在3．40—3．85，依次为粤泰A、川香29A、Q2A、顺A、中9A和培矮64S；第2档综合得分在2．55—3．10，依次有金23A、珍汕97A、Ⅱ-32A和冈46A；第3档综合评分为2．0以下，有荆楚814A和V20A。The yield in seed reproduction of hybrid rice, to a great extent, determines the destiny of a given combination of hybrid rice in its application. The previous studies have proved that the outcrossing characteristics （OCC） of the male sterile-lines （MSLs） , such as the flowering pattern, stigma exertion, stigma dimension, opening angle of the spikelet, and the duration of a spikelet from opening to closing, had a direct relationship with the grain yield in hybrid seed reproduction. Yet little has been known about the differentiation in the outcrossing characteristics existed in the MSLs developed so far and how is the hybrid seed yield affected. In the present study, a field trial and an integrated evaluation was made to test the OCC of twelve MSLs once used and currently under use. The results showed that most of the OCC tested for the whole MSL materials exhibited significant differences. The newly-developed MSLs showed a better performance in stigma exertion, flowering rate before noon and the concentration degree of flowing than the old ones. It was suggested that all the MSLs could be classified into three groups, with 3.55-3.90 score for the first group,2.55-3. 10 for the second group, and less than 2.0 for the third group.

关 键 词：杂交水稻 不育系 异交特性 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]