肾内科住院患者抗菌药物应用特点的单中心分析  

The features of use of antibiotics in the hospitalized patients staying in the department of nephrology

作　　者：万启军[1] 何永成[1] 贺争鸣[1] 栾韶东[1] 陈洪滔[1] 许慧丽[1] 廖莹[1] 龙霞[1] 贺艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省深圳市第二人民医院肾内科,518035

出　　处：《实用医学杂志》2008年第7期1179-1180,共2页The Journal of Practical Medicine

摘　　要：目的:了解肾内科住院患者抗菌药物的临床应用特点,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供借鉴。方法:回顾性分析本院肾内科1000份出院病历,统计各种抗菌药物的使用情况。结果:1000份病历中,使用抗菌药物的有876份(87.6%),其中,使用一种抗生素者639例(72.9%),两种抗生素联合使用者237例(27.1%)。在使用抗生素的全部病例中,治疗性使用抗菌药物者606份(69.2%),预防性使用抗菌药物者270份(30.8%)。预防性使用抗生素时间≤3d者占89.3%,>3d者占10.7%。在手术前0.5～1h便开始接受预防性使用抗生素的比率较低。预防性抗生素的使用途径100%为经静脉途径。结论:本组患者抗生素的使用基本合理。肾内科住院患者预防性使用抗生素的比率较高,但预防性使用抗生素的时机、肾内科常见有创操作术后是否可以予口服抗生素代替静脉使用抗生素以预防术后感染等问题均有待临床进一步对照研究,以便为临床更合理地使用抗菌药物提供有益的借鉴。Objective To offer reference for the proper＇s use of antibiotics by exploring the features of use of antibiotics in the hospitalized patients staying in the department of nephrology. Methods The data on 1 000 discharged patients who had been hospitalized in our department were retrospectively investigated and the use of antibiotics was analyzed. Results Of 1 000 patients, 876 （87.6%） received antibiotic treatment. 639 of the 876 patients （72.9%） were received single-antibiotic therapy while 237 （27.1%） received two antibiotic agents. 69.2% of the antibiotics were used for treatment and 30.8% for prevention. 89.3% of the patients received prophylactic antibiotics for 3 days or less while 10.7% used antibiotlcs for more than 3 days. The rate of prophylactic use of antibiotics 0.5 to 1 hour before surgery was lower. The administration route of antibiotics was applied in 100% Of the patients. Conclusions The use of antibiotic is basically appropriate in this study. The rate of prophylactic use of antibiotics is higher in the hospitalized patients staying in the department of nephrology： Further studies should be conducted on the exact timing of prophylactic use of antibiotics and whether oral antibiotics can replace intravenous antibiotics for the prevention of postoperative infection.

关 键 词：抗菌药 肾内科 合理用药 

分 类 号：R692[医药卫生—泌尿科学]