模块化组织模式的构建与运作--基于海尔“市场链”再造案例的研究  

The Formation and Operation of Modularized Organization——a Case Study on Haier's Reform for "Market Chain"

作　　者：王凤彬[1] 陈公海[1] 李东红[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学商学院 [2]清华大学经济管理学院

出　　处：《管理世界》2008年第4期122-139,共18页Journal of Management World

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:70571082);中国人民大学“985”工程的阶段性成果

摘　　要：模块化思想不仅可用于复杂产品系统的设计,也可用来解释或指导企业业务活动的组织。当前有关组织模块化的研究明显弱于产品模块化设计的研究,而且出现简单或武断地将两者关联起来的问题。本文以海尔集团"市场链"再造前后的内部流程系统作为案例研究对象,在考察了其流程系统由职能集中或统一走向模块化解构后,从业务运作过程中拥有自主性的流程模块如何与相邻的其他子系统互动的角度,详细分析了有助于实现流程模块化集结的"设计规则三要素"及其演变,由此探讨了模块化组织模式的形成及运作特点。研究显示,将提供服务与制造产品的单位一并作为企业业务组织的模块单元,使整个系统可以在多样化的模块构成中增强战略柔性。而随着系统构成要素的增多,系统运行的复杂性也增大,从而模块化解构与集结的过程更表现出演化的特点。The Concept of modularization can be applied not only to the design of complicated product system, but also to the explanation of and to the guidance to organizations that carry out business activities. At present, however, the study on the modularization of organizations is not as much and deep as the study on the modularized design of products; in addition, some people have connected the above-mentioned studies simplistically or arbitrarily. Taking as a case to be studied of the internal business process of the 'Market Chain' of Shanghai Baoshan Steel Group before and after the reform, and based on the investigation of the modularization decomposition of the said process becoming the concentration or unification of function, and from the aspect of how the independent process module interacts with its neighboring other subsystem in the process of business operation, we have analyzed elaborately both ' the three factors of design rules' that help realize the concentration of the process modularization and the evolution thereof, thereby probing into the formation and operation characteristics of the pattern of the modularized organization. Our study indicates that treating units that supply service and units that manufacture products as modules of firm's business organizations will make the whole system increase strategic flexibility in the process of the diversified shaping of modules. With the increase in factors of system composition, the complexity will augment, and the process of the decomposition and the integration of modularization will show the characteristics of evolution.

关 键 词：模块化 解构 集结 业务流程 演化 

分 类 号：F426.6[经济管理—产业经济]