元江县干热河谷季雨林群落特征研究  

Study on Community Features of Monsoon Forest in the Dry-hot Valleys in Yuanjiang County

作　　者：孙玺雯[1] 杜凡[1] 王娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南林学院资源学院,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《西南林学院学报》2008年第1期6-11,共6页Journal of Southwest Forestry College

基　　金：元江自然保护区综合科学考察项目(2006)资助

摘　　要：基于样地资料,分析了元江干热河谷季雨林的现状与特征.其科、属区系成分以泛热带成分为主,种的区系成分则以热带亚洲(印度-马来西亚)分布为主;生活型以高位芽植物为主,藤本植物较为丰富;元江季雨林的次生性较强,区系次生度达到56.1%;乔木层的次生物种较少,灌木层较多,草本层次生物种最多,区系次生度达到70.5%,生态次生度达到85.8%,层间植物中也有许多次生物种;水湿条件较好和受人为干扰较少的地段,其生物多样性指数都比较高;元江季雨林具有许多稀树灌木草丛的特征,如乔木层稀疏、分枝低矮、树冠硕大,植物都具有较强的耐旱性等,许多物种本身也是稀树灌木草丛的主要成分,充分说明元江现存的稀树灌木草丛是由季雨林退化形成的.只要停止对稀树灌木草丛的破坏,会逐渐恢复成季雨林.如果继续破坏,现存的季雨林很有可能退化成稀树灌木草丛.The state and characteristics of the monsoon forests in the dry - hot valleys in Yuanjiang County, Yunnan Province were studied based on the field data collection from the local plots. The study showed the following results： The pan -tropical elements dominated the floral composition at family and genus levels. Whereas Tropical Asia （India- Malaysia） flora dominated at species level, in which phanerophyte was the major life form, together with relatively abundant lianas. The monsoon forest in Yuanjiang County showed strong secondary status, the flora secondary index reached 56. 1%. There were more secondary species in the herbaceous layer than in the arbor storey and the shrub layer. The flora secondary index of the herb layer reached 70.5 % and the ecological secondary degrees reached 85. 8%. There were also many secondary species among the interlayer plants. The higher biodiversity was found in areas with ample moisture and less anthropogenic disturbance, The monsoon forest in Yuanjiang County showed many characteristics of savanna shrub vegetation, such as sparse arbor layer, low living branches with large crown. The plants were generally drought tolerant, and many of the species were the major components of savanna shrub vegetation, indicating that the existing savanna shrub vegetation in Yuanjiang County was formed during the degradation of monsoon forest. The monsoon forest might be recovered from the savanna shrub vegetation if there would be no more destruction. On the contrary, the existing monsoon forest would probably degrade to be savanna shrub vegetation and grassland vegetation.

关 键 词：自然保护区 植被 稀树灌木草丛 区系次生度 生态次生度 云南元江县 

分 类 号：S718.542[农业科学—林学]