挠力河流域丹顶鹤繁殖期生境景观连接度分析  

Landscape Connectivity of Red-Crowned Crane Habitat During Its Breeding Season in Naoli River Basin

作　　者：朱丽娟[1] 刘红玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学地理科学学院,江苏南京210046

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2008年第2期12-16,83,共6页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40471003)

摘　　要：将景观连接度分析引入三江平原挠力河流域丹顶鹤繁殖期生境的研究中,确定食物、水、隐蔽所、干扰为丹顶鹤生境选择的主要影响因子,建立繁殖期丹顶鹤的生境适宜性指数(habitat suitability index,HSI)模型,对HSI模型值(Ih,s)进行景观制图并纠正,以此为基础,根据丹顶鹤的领域性和繁殖期最小需求面积,利用缓冲区分析,得到丹顶鹤生境景观连接度可视图,划定景观连接度区域。结果显示:(1)丹顶鹤生境破碎化严重。丹顶鹤适宜生境中的小斑块(面积小于0.1 km2)数量较多,占71.88%,且多呈岛状分布。(2)人类活动是丹顶鹤生境面积缩减及破碎化的主要原因。丹顶鹤的适宜生境面积仅占流域总面积的5.35%。(3)景观连接度、景观斑块间的渗透性是丹顶鹤对适宜生境利用程度降低的重要影响因素。由于景观连接度的影响,丹顶鹤可利用生境面积进一步缩小,仅占适宜生境面积的78.37%。(4)具有一定水平景观连接度的区域沿河流两侧呈条带状分布。Habitat is a synthesis of pattern, process, and scale as a landscape system. As a result, landscape connectivity is introduced into the study on habitat of red-crowned crane （Grusjaponensis） during its breeding season in the Naoli River basin. With the habitat suitability index （HSI） model and ArcView, landscape connectivity zones can be delineated in the maps. Based on the statistics, it is found that the number of small habitat patches, defined as less than 0.1 km^2 in area, takes up 71.88% of the total of suitable habitat patches. And the area of the suitable habitats just accounts for 5.35% of the whole basin. What is more, only 78.37% of the suitable habitats in area is considered to be used by the bird in its breeding season. It could be found that the suitable habitats are extremely fragmented. Human activities, along with land- scape connectivity and percolation among the habitat patches, are the main causes for the decrease in area of useful habitats and the habitat fragmentation. Besides, landscape connectivity zones are distributed mainly along river banks within the basin. It also shows that landscape connectivity has a great impact on the use of small habitat patches. This study helps us to know the current situation of the red-crowned crane habitats and their distribution.

关 键 词：生境 景观连接度 景观制图 缓冲区分析 挠力河流域 丹顶鹤 

分 类 号：X36[环境科学与工程—环境工程]