大豆根瘤菌与大豆品种共生匹配性研究  

Symbiotic Matching between Soybean Rhizobium and Soybean Cultivars

作　　者：马中雨[1] 李俊[1] 张永芳[1] 樊蕙[1] 李力[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《大豆科学》2008年第2期221-227,共7页Soybean Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑项目资助(2006BAD25B04)

摘　　要：大豆与大豆根瘤菌的共生体系是共生固氮的代表,开展根瘤菌与大豆品种的匹配性组合研究,为发挥这一共生体系的固氮效率和指导大豆育种材料的选择等方面均具有重要的实践价值。选取不同种类与来源的大豆根瘤菌代表菌株18株,与11个我国主要的大豆核心种质品种进行共生匹配性试验,测定了其中5个大豆品种与14个根瘤菌所结瘤的固氮酶活性并进行统计分析。结果表明:不同的大豆根瘤菌菌株间存在明显的结瘤固氮差异,快生大豆根瘤菌表现出比慢生根瘤菌更严格的大豆品种匹配性;其中USDA110、USDA110-A、113-2、WHG12、HH103、B16比其他供试菌株表现出广谱的结瘤特性,且USDA110、USDA110-A、113-2、WHG12、DE333、2048菌株形成的根瘤具有较高的固氮酶活性。在供试大豆品种中,商951099、郑92116和北京黑豆表现出较高的结瘤、固氮特性;商951099和郑92116这对材料与所供试18株大豆根瘤菌均结瘤且差异性不明显,而绥农14和绥农20、合丰25和固新野生大豆这两对材料表现出明显结瘤差异性。因此,实践中应根据大豆品种和大豆根瘤菌菌株的匹配性关系,选用共生效果好的菌株接种,或选用与之匹配的大豆种质材料育种,以达到提高共生固氮功效的目的。The symbiotic system between soybean and soybean rhizobium is a typical representative of nitrogen fixation symbiosis. And the test of matching combination between soybean and soybean rhizobium will improve the effectiveness of symbiotic nitrogen fixation and provide basis for soybean breeding, which is very significative in practice. This paper selected 18 representatives of soybean rhizobia and 11 soybean cuhivars representing soybean core germplasm varieties in China to test the symbiotic matching between soybean rhizobium and their host. The nitrogen-fixation activities of 5 representative soybean cuhivars＇root nodules with 14 rhizobium strains were determined and the data were analyzed by SPSS. The results showed that the symbiotic abilities were significantly different among the 18 the rhizobia, and S.fredii exhibited more critical than B. japonicum in nodulation. The strains of USDA110,USDA110-A, 113-2,WHG12,HH103 ,B16 were superior broad-hosted in symbiotic nodulation, and the nodules of USDA110, USDA110- A, 113-2, WHG12, DE333 and 2048 had higher nitrogen- fix- ation activities than others. Among the 11 soybean cultivars, Shang 951099, Zheng 92116, and Beijingheidou showed higher abilities in nodulation and nitrogen-fixation activities. And the results also showed that the pair of hybrid parents Shang 951099 and Zheng 92116 had no difference with nodulation ratio,however the pairs of Suinong 14 and Suinong 20, Hefeng 25 and Guxin wild soybean, showed great differences in nodulation ability. In order to improve the effectiveness of symbiotic nitrogen fixation,we should select the corresponding strains to inoculate and choose the matching germplasm material to breed in practice.

关 键 词：根瘤菌 大豆 结瘤匹配性 固氮酶活性 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]