豆科植物施磷对土壤酸化影响的研究  

Effects of P Application on Soil Acidification under Different Legume Species

作　　者：方日尧[1] Tang C. Raphael C. 

机构地区：[1]陕西省农科院,陕西杨陵712100 [2]澳大利亚西澳大学豆科作物研究中心

出　　处：《北京农学院学报》1997年第3期7-16,共10页Journal of Beijing University of Agriculture

摘　　要：用9个豆科植物为供试材料，测定在缺磷的砂土上施用Ca（H2PO4）2对9种植物产酸量的影响．研究结果表明：Lupinusalbus，lupinuslutens和Biserrulapelecinus对增施磷肥的需求量比Ciceraritimum,Viciafaba，Medicagopolymorpha,Ornithopussativus和Trifoliumsubterraneun低，而Lupinusangustifolius需求量最高.当增施磷肥，使其达到适度水平时，比酸度有所增加，但进一步增施磷肥则使植株产酸量减少．在几种豆类植物中，C．arietinum产酸量最高，B．pelecinus最低．比酸度与过量阳离子、灰碱、钙和镁等浓度有关．在不考虑施磷和植物种类的情况下，植物产酸总量与植株地上部分过量阳离子总量恰好一致；在施磷量不同的情况下，豆科植物产酸量主要由其吸收阳离子和阴离子的差异决定．Phosphorus deficiency is common in crop production especially where soil acldification is occurring. The present pot experiment examined whether the supply of Ca (H2PO4)2 affected acid production by N2-fixing plants of nine legume species grown in a P-deficient sandy soil for 60 -64 days. The legume species differed greatly in their response to P application. Lupinus albus,Lupinus luteus and Biserrula pelecinus had lower external P requirements than Citer arietinum,Vicia faba, Medicago polymorpha, Ornithopus sativus and Trifolium subterraneum which in turn had lower requirements than Lupinus angustifolius. Increasing P supply up to moderately deficient levels increased the amount of acid production per unit shoot biomass (specific acidification), and further increasing P decreased the acid production. Among these species, C.arietinum had the highest acid production, while B. pelecinus had the lowest. Specific acidification correlated with concentrations of excess canons, ash alkalinity, Ca and Mg. There was a very good agreement between total acid production and total content of shoot excess canons irrespective of P supply and plant species. The results suggest that acid production by legumes under various P supplies is mainly.controlled by the imbalance of canon and anion uptake.

关 键 词：土壤酸化 豆科植物 磷 灰碱 过量阳离子 

分 类 号：S153.3[农业科学—土壤学]