三峡库区等高绿篱技术对土壤物理性质的影响  

Effects of contour hedgerow on soil physical properties in the Three gorges reservoir area

作　　者：程冬兵[1] 李朝霞[1] 蔡崇法[1] 彭艳平[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2008年第2期83-89,共7页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划"中国主要水蚀区土壤侵蚀过程与调控研究"(2007CB407201);国家自然科学基金"等高绿篱对浅沟流及泥淤积过程的影响"(40671114)

摘　　要：等高绿篱是目前国内外广泛采用的一种十分有效的坡耕地植被恢复和水土保育技术,被认为是三峡库区农业生态系统持续发展的有效途径之一。以等高绿篱(新银合欢和黄荆)篱前淤积土为研究对象,评估等高绿篱—坡地农业复合种植模式下不同土层深度、不同距篱(坎)距的土壤水分及物理性质变化特征。结果显示:绿篱处理的土壤非毛管孔隙度、饱和入渗率、饱和含水量和自然含水量均高于石坎梯田处理,而土壤密度和田间持水量均小于石坎梯田处理,尤其在表层和第2层,其差异更明显,等高绿篱保育土壤效益显著;同一土层,随距篱(坎)距延长,绿篱处理的土壤密度、自然含水量逐渐增大,土壤非毛管孔隙度、饱和入渗率和饱和含水量逐渐减小,而石坎梯田处理的变化不明显;随土层加深,各处理的土壤密度、自然含水量均相应逐渐增大,土壤非毛管孔隙度、饱和入渗率和饱和含水量均相应逐渐减小,且处理之间差异也逐渐缩小;距篱(坎)远近间接反映了绿篱处理对土壤水分及物理性质的影响程度,距篱越近,影响越大;新银合欢处理与黄荆处理之间相比,效应相当。Contour hedgerow is a very common and effective technique around the world, which is employed to revegetate on cultivated slope land and conserve water and soil resources. Contour hedgerow is considered an effective way of sustainable development of agroecosystem in the Three gorges reservoir area. Alluvial soils in front of hedges （ Leucaena leucocephala and Vitex negundo ） were taken as the objects, to evaluate the effects on soil water and physical properties from different distances to hedgerows （ridge） at different soil depths by contour hedgerow agriculture compound planting on slope land. The results showed that non-capillary porosity of soil, saturated hydraulic conductivity, saturated water content and natural water content in the hedgerows treatments were higher than in the rocky ridge terrace treatment, while the soil bulk density and field capacity in the hedgerows treatments were lower than in the rocky ridge terrace treatment, which reflected that the effects on water and soil conservation by hedgerows are significant, especially in the top and second layer. Based on the same depth, with the extending of the distance to hedgerows （ridge）, in the hedgerows treatments soil bulk density and natural water content increased gradually, and non-capillary porosity of soil, saturated hydraulic conductivity and saturated water content decreased gradually, while no apparent change in the rocky ridge terrace treatment. With the deepening of the soil layer, in each treatment soil bulk density and natural water content increased gradually, and non-capillary porosity of soil, saturated hydraulic conductivity and saturated water content decreased gradually accordingly, and their differences among treatments were also lessened gradually. The distance to hedgerow （ridge） reflected the degree of effects on soil water and physical properties by hedgerow indirectly. The closer to hedgerow is, the greater the effects are. Comparing treatments of Leucaena leucocephala and Vitex negundo, their effects were

关 键 词：等高绿篱 土壤物理性质 土壤水分 三峡库区 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学] P642.22[天文地球—工程地质学]