一种多属性目标监测的无线感知网络覆盖算法  

A Coverage Algorithm to Monitor Multi-Attribute Objects for Wireless Sensor Networks

作　　者：张鼎兴[1] 徐明[1] 高俊文[2] 刘爱心[3] 

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学计算机学院,湖南长沙410073 [2]华南理工大学机械工程学院,广东广州510635 [3]中南大学信息科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《计算机工程与科学》2008年第4期98-100,155,共4页Computer Engineering & Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(60773017)

摘　　要：本文研究了一种无线感知网络应用中多属性目标的覆盖问题。这种覆盖问题与单一类型数据的目标不同,其待测区域中的每个目标同时包含多种类型的现场数据。如果布置一个无线感知网络去担任监测任务,其节点需要配置多种不同类型的传感器单元。针对这种需要采集多种类型的数据才能对目标进行监测的无线感知网络的应用,节能而有效的覆盖目标更是一个突出的问题。本文首先用ILP模型将问题进行了形式化,然后通过设计一种分布式算法求得问题的解。最后,在不同的节点密度下对网络的使用寿命进行了模拟仿真。仿真结果表明,这种分布式算法比直接求解ILP求出的网络寿命很接近。由于直接求解ILP问题必须依靠中心节点完成,对于节点较多并且电量受限的无线感知网络,这种分布式算法更适合。This paper analyses a multi-attribute target coverage problem in sensor networks. Unlike the single target, all the target objects contain multi-attribute data in such an area to be detected. To monitor the objects, the sensor node has to set up different types of sensor units. In the application of sensor networks, since not only a datum has to be collected in order to completely monitor a target object, the energy-efficient coverage is an important topic. In the paper, the problem is first formalized with an ILP model, and then a distributed algorithm is proposed to obtain the solution. Finally, we simulate the approaeh to evaluate its performance. The simulation shows that the distributed algorithm is dose to the solution which directly solves the ILP in prolonging the network lifetime. Because directly solving the ILP problem needs to rely on a central node, the distributed algorithm is more suitable for the wireless sensor networks with limited energy and more nodes.

关 键 词：无线感知网络 覆盖集 多属性目标 传感器单元 

分 类 号：TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]