木浆清洁漂白废水中毒性物质的研究  

A study on the toxicants from the wood-pulp bleach-and-cleaning effluents

作　　者：方战强[1] 成文[1] 宋照风[1] 陈晓蕾[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学化学与环境学院,广州510006

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2008年第2期19-22,共4页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金项目(04300019);广州市科技攻关计划项目(2004Z3-E0431)

摘　　要：为掌握木浆清洁漂白技术的毒性排放负荷及漂白废水的主要有机毒性成分,采用发光细菌急性毒性测试技术和GC/MS分析技术研究木浆清洁漂白废水的毒性及毒性物质。结果表明,木浆OHMP漂白废水的总排放毒性因子(Toxicity Effluent Factor,TEF)为73.136TU·m3/t浆,其中H段废水TEF为48.356TU·m3/t浆,占总量的66.1%;O段占总量的33.9%。木浆OHMP漂白总排放毒性当量约为7.314g HgCl2/t浆。对漂白废水有机成分的分析表明,有机酸类约占H段废水检测总量的40.83%,烷烃类占13.62%。其中,氯代有机物3种(占检测总量的1.61%),分别为四氯化碳、2,2,2-三氯乙酸胺和2,4,6-三氯苯腈。与木浆CEH漂白相比,清洁漂白废水的毒性排放负荷小、有机毒性成份少,可以大力推广。The paper is concerned about the author＇s study on the toxicity emission load and key organic toxicants from the bleachcleaning process effluents. For the research purpose, the present author tried to use his own renovated quick and accurate photo-bacteria acute toxicity testing method and chemical analytical method, the toxicity and key toxicants of pulp-bleaching effluents. The results show that the total toxicity emission factor （TEF） of the effluents is 73.136 TU·m^3 · t^- 1, from which the TEF of H bleaching effluent takes 48.356 TU·m^3·t^-1, that is, 66.1% of the total TEF. And 33.9% of the total TEF is O bleaching effluent with the OHMP bleaching effluents being 7.314 g HgCl2/t. The organic compounds from the H bleaching effluent indicate that organic acid accounts for about 40.83% while hydrocarbon of methane series takes 13.62% . Besides, the three kinds of chlorinated organic compounds are responsible for the rest 1.61 % of strong toxicity, which includes carbon tetrachloride, 2, 2, 2-trichloromnmonium acetate and 2, 4, 6-trichlorobenzonitrile. The TEF and the organic toxicants of clean bleaching effluents prove to be weaker than the CEH bleaching effluents.

关 键 词：环境毒理学 毒性物质 木浆 OHMP 漂白废水 

分 类 号：Q949.2[生物学—植物学] X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]