球红假单胞菌降解褐煤的试验研究  

A study on the lignite biodegradation by Rhodopseudomonas spheroids

作　　者：徐敬尧[1] 张明旭[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学材料科学与工程学院,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2008年第2期47-50,共4页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50474056);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20050361001)

摘　　要：通过分析球红假单孢菌降解褐煤时的煤样粒度、菌液用量、煤浆浓度和转化降解时间,研究以上各因素对煤炭微生物转化率的影响。研究结果表明,各因素对煤炭微生物转化率影响的大小为煤样粒度>煤浆浓度>降解时间>菌液用量。试验条件下,各因素的最优水平为煤样粒度0.2～0.5mm、菌液用量5mL/100mL、煤浆质量浓度0.3g/50mL、降解时间14d,此时经硝酸预处理的义马褐煤的煤炭微生物转化率为74.30%。用XRD和FTIR测试分析了褐煤的微生物转化产物,结果表明,转化产物的芳香聚合度和分子量有很大程度降低,官能团含量也发生了变化,褐煤样中的大量芳香类高聚物降解为低分子量类物质及其他类物质。研究为实现煤炭微生物降解的产业化提供了参考。The paper is inclined to report its study on the effect of such factors, as coal granularity, quantity of Rhodopseudomonas spheroids liquid, pulp mass concentration, as well as the degradation time on the biodegradation rate of the lignite through Rhodopseu-domonas spheroids. The results of its study indicate that the regular order affecting the biodegradation can be listed as follows： coal granularity 〉 pulp mass concentration 〉 time of degradation 〉 quantity of Rhodopseudomonas spheroids liquid. The optimum lay-out of the experimental scheme within the designated interval can be stated as follows： the coal granularity： 0.2- 0.5 mm; the quantity of Rhodopseudomonas spheroids： 5 mL/100 mL; pulp mass concentration： 0.3 g/50 mL; time of degradation： 14 d; and the biodegradation percentage on Yi-Ma lignite which was pretreated by nitric acid was 74.30%. Then, the degradation products were analyzed by using XRD and FTIR, which indicates that the polymerigation of the aromatic nucleus and the molecular weights of products tends to drop remarkably with the obvious change of the content of the functional groups as compared with the original coal.

关 键 词：环境生物学 球红假单孢菌 褐煤 生物降解 

分 类 号：Q939.99[生物学—微生物学] TQ530.2[化学工程—煤化学工程]